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Gravity and Displacement Variations in the Areas of Strong Earthquakes in the East of Russia

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Abstract

The modern gravimetry methods are capable of measuring gravity with an accuracy of up to 10–10 of the normal value, which is commensurate with the accuracy of the up-to-date methods of displacement measurements by satellite geodesy. Significant changes, e.g., in the coseismic displacements of the Earth’s surface are recorded in the zones of large earthquakes. These changes should manifest themselves in the variations of gravity. Absolute measurements have been conducted by various modifications of absolute ballistic gravimeters GABL since the mid-1970s at the Klyuchi point (Novosibirsk) in the south of the West Siberian plate. Monitoring observations have been taking place in the seismically active regions since the 1990s. In this paper we consider the results of the long-term measurements of the variations in gravity and recent crustal displacements for different types of earthquakes (the zones of shear, extension, and compression). In the seismically active areas in the east of Russia, the longest annual series of absolute measurements starting from 1992 was recorded in the southeastern segment of Baikal region. In this area, the Kultuk earthquake with magnitude 6.5 occurred on August 27, 2008, at a distance of 25 km from the observation point of the Talaya seismic station. The measurements in Gornyi (Mountainous) Altai have been conducted since 2000. A strikeslip earthquake with magnitude 7.5 took place in the southern segment of the region on September 27, 2003. The effects of the catastrophic M = 9.0 Tohoku, Japan, earthquake of March 11, 2011 were identified in Primor’e in the far zone of the event. The empirical data are consistent with the results of modeling based on the seismological data. The coseismic variations in gravity are caused by the combined effect of the changes in the elevation of the observation point and crustal deformation.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    V. Yu. Timofeev, D. G. Ardyukov, A. V. Timofeev & E. V. Boiko

  2. Institute of Automation and Electrometry, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    E. N. Kalish, Yu. F. Stus’, D. A. Nosov, I. S. Sizikov & E. O. Nazarov

  3. Il’ichev Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia

    M. G. Valitov, R. G. Kulinich, T. N. Kolpashchikova & Z. N. Proshkina

  4. Kosygin Institute of Tectonics and Geophysics, Far East Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Khabarovsk, 680000, Russia

    P. Yu. Gornov

  5. Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies, Novosibirsk, 630108, Russia

    V. G. Kolmogorov

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  1. V. Yu. Timofeev
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  2. E. N. Kalish
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  3. Yu. F. Stus’
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  4. D. G. Ardyukov
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  14. E. O. Nazarov
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  15. V. G. Kolmogorov
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Correspondence to V. Yu. Timofeev.

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Original Russian Text © V.Yu. Timofeev, E.N. Kalish, Yu.F. Stus’, D.G. Ardyukov, M.G. Valitov, A.V. Timofeev, D.A. Nosov, I.S. Sizikov, E.V. Boiko, P.Yu. Gornov, R.G. Kulinich, T.N. Kolpashchikova, Z.N. Proshkina, E.O. Nazarov, V.G. Kolmogorov, 2018, published in Fizika Zemli, 2018, No. 3.

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Timofeev, V.Y., Kalish, E.N., Stus’, Y.F. et al. Gravity and Displacement Variations in the Areas of Strong Earthquakes in the East of Russia. Izv., Phys. Solid Earth 54, 430–443 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1069351318030084

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