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Synthesis, In Vitro Anti-HIV Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Computational Studies of Some New Steroids and Their Pyrazoline and Oxime Analogues

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Abstract—

There is an urgent need for the design and development of new and safer drugs for the treatment of HIV infection, active against the currently resistant viral strains by development of new non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). A series of pregnenolone analogues, 3-((aryl)-1-(5-pregnen-3β-ol-17-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones, were synthesized. Further, treatment of 3-((4-bromo-, 4-trifluoromethyl, or 4-methylphenyl)-1-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones with thiosemicarbazide in ethanolic KOH or hydrazine hydrate in HOAc gave 5-(4-bromo-, 4-trifluoromethyl, or 4-methylphenyl)-3-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoline-1-carbothioamides and 1-O-acetyl-(5-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoline, respectively. Analogously, treatment of 3-((4-bromophenyl)-1-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)prop-2-en-1-one with hydroxylamine afforded the Z/E isomers of 3-(4-bromophenyl)-1-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)prop-2-en-1-one oxime. The new compounds were assayed against HIV-1 and HIV-2 in MT-4 cells. Compounds 3-(thiophene-2-yl)-1-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)prop-2-en-1-one and 1-O-acetyl-(5-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoline were the most active in inhibiting HIV-1 and HIV-2 with IC50 = 60.5 μM (SI > 2, against HIV-2 and SI < I against HIV-1), and > 0.29 μM (SI < I), respectively, suggesting to be new leads in the development of antiviral agents. QSAR of 3-((aryl)-1-(5-pregnen-3β-ol-17-yl)prop-2-en-1-ones and 5-(substituted phenyl)-3-(5-preg-5-3β-ol-17-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazole-1-carbothioamides has been studied. The conformational analysis of 5-(4-trifluoromethylphenyl)-3-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoline-1-carbothioamide and 1-O-acetyl-(5-(4-bromophenyl)-3-(preg-5-en-3β-ol-17-yl)-4,5-dihydro-1H-pyrazoline as well as the molecular docking study of the latter compound have been investigated.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

W. Al-Masoudi would like to thank College of Verterinary, Basrah University, Iraq, for the sabbatical leave. We thank Miss A. Friemel of the Chemistry, Department, Konstanz University, Germany, for the 2D NMR experiments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Chemistry, College of Veterinary, University of Basrah, 61001, Basrah, Iraq

    Wasfi A. Al-Masoudi

  2. Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Basrah, Basrah, 61001, Iraq

    Najim A. Al-Masoudi

  3. Department of Chemistry, College of Education, University of Basrah, 61001, Basrah, Iraq

    Bahjat A. Saeed

  4. Department of Chemistry, University of Konstanz, D-78464, P.O. Box 5560, Konstanz, Germany

    Rainer Winter

  5. Rega Institute for Medical Research, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, B-3000, Leuven, Belgium

    Christophe Pannecouque

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  1. Wasfi A. Al-Masoudi
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Wasfi A. Al-Masoudi, Al-Masoudi, N.A., Saeed, B.A. et al. Synthesis, In Vitro Anti-HIV Activity, Cytotoxicity, and Computational Studies of Some New Steroids and Their Pyrazoline and Oxime Analogues. Russ J Bioorg Chem 46, 822–836 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162020050039

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