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Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides: I. Antimicrobial Activity of Amphiphilic and Nonamphiphilic Cationic Peptides

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Abstract

Comparative antimicrobial properties of three artificial cationic synthetic antimicrobial peptides (SAMP): (RAhaR)4AhaβA (where R is Arg, Aha is 6-aminohexanoic acid, βA is beta-alanine), (KFF)3K and R9F2 with various amphiphilic properties have been studied relative to pathogenic strains of microorganisms: Gram-negative bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli, Proteus mirabilis, and Salmonella enterica, Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus, and pathogenic yeast fungus Candida albicans. The selectivity index (SI) values of the peptide preparations were calculated as the ratio of the 50% cytotoxic concentration (TC50) towards eukaryotic host cells to the MIC50 values of the testing antimicrobial peptides. The studied SAMPs appeared to be the most active against the pathogenic yeast fungus C. albicans and the bacterial strains St. aureus and P. aeruginosa. The SI values in these cases exceed 40. Some assumed molecular interactions of the studied SAMPs on the microbial cells have been considered, and possible pathways to increase their antimicrobial activity have been suggested. The proposed SAMPs can serve as a basis for the design and synthesis of new promising synthetic antimicrobial agents.

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Abbreviations

aa:

amino acid

AMP:

antimicrobial peptides

MIC50 :

minimum inhibitory concentration, which inhibits the growth of microorganisms by 50%

MTT:

3-(4,5-dimethylthiazsol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrasolium bromide

SAMP:

synthetic antimicrobial peptides

Aha:

6-aminohexanoic acid

βА:

betaalanine

ESI-MS:

electrospray ionization mass spectrometry

MALDI-TOF MS:

Matrix assisted laser desorption ionizationtime of flight mass spectrometry

SI:

selectivity index

TC50 :

50% cytotoxic concentration

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, 630090, Russia

    N. V. Amirkhanov, N. V. Tikunova & D. V. Pyshnyi

Authors
  1. N. V. Amirkhanov
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  2. N. V. Tikunova
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  3. D. V. Pyshnyi
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Correspondence to N. V. Amirkhanov.

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Original Russian Text © N.V. Amirkhanov, N.V. Tikunova, D.V. Pyshnyi, 2018, published in Bioorganicheskaya Khimiya, 2018, Vol. 44, No. 5, pp. 492–505.

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Amirkhanov, N.V., Tikunova, N.V. & Pyshnyi, D.V. Synthetic Antimicrobial Peptides: I. Antimicrobial Activity of Amphiphilic and Nonamphiphilic Cationic Peptides. Russ J Bioorg Chem 44, 492–503 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162018050035

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162018050035

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