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Oxysterols: Genesis and basic functions

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Abstract

The structural peculiarities of the most widespread oxysterols, the products of oxidative transformations of cholesterol are discussed. The transformations proceed with the participation of enzymatic systems of the body or as a result of various nonenzymatic reactions. The pathways of their formation from cholesterol are also considered. The role of oxysterols in the maintenance of cholesterol homeostasis and in the development of atherosclerosis is reviewed. The possibility of using oxysterols as markers of pathological processes is demonstrated.

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Abbreviations

HDLP:

high-density lipoproteins

HMG-CoA:

hydroxymethylglutaryl-coenzyme A

LDLP:

low-density lipoproteins

LXR:

liver X receptor (liver-specific nuclear X receptor)

PXR:

retinoid X receptor (X receptor of retinoids)

RCT:

reverse cholesterol transport

SCAP:

SREBR cleavage-activating protein (protein activating SREBR cleavage)

SREBR:

sterol regulatory element binding protein (transcription factor, protein binding the sterol regulatory element)

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  1. Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, ul. Kuprevicha 5/2, Minsk, 220141, Belarus

    A. V. Antonchick, V. N. Zhabinskii & V. A. Khripach

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Original Russian Text © A.V. Antonchik, V.N. Zhabinsky, V.A. Khripach, 2007, published in Bioorganicheskaya Khimiya, 2007, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 297–309.

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Antonchick, A.V., Zhabinskii, V.N. & Khripach, V.A. Oxysterols: Genesis and basic functions. Russ J Bioorg Chem 33, 275–287 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1068162007030028

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