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Microbial Communities in Bentonites from Two Mineral Deposits

  • ECOLOGY OF SOIL MICROORGANISMS
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Abstract

Bentonite clays are characterized by a large specific surface area and a large pore space volume, which determines their high sorption capacity and allows them to be used as a barrier in the construction of deep geological repositories (DGR) for radioactive waste. DGRs are expected to operate for thousands of years, so it appears acute to predict possible changes in them during this time. In the course of repository operation, bentonites can change their properties under the impact of microorganisms. This study analyzes the structure of microbial community in bentonites sampled from two deposits, i.e., the 10th Khutor (Russia) and Taganskoe (Kazakhstan) at different incubation temperatures (25 and 60°C). Bentonite from the 10th Khutor deposit reveals 10 phyla and 92 genera of bacteria upon incubation at 60°C, and 12 phyla and 94 genera, upon incubation at 25°C. In the Taganskoe deposit bentonite, 14 phyla and 87 genera were identified at the incubation temperature of 60°C, and 15 phyla and 123 genera at 25°C. Bacteria of the Proteobacteria and Firmicutes phyla predominated in the samples. It is concluded that temperature rather than chemical and mineral composition of samples is the main factor influencing the microbial community formation in the studied bentonites.

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Funding

The study was carried out within the framework of the State Task “Soil microbiomes: genomic diversity, functional activity, geography and biotechnological potential”, topic no. 121040800174-6; and in accordance with the Development Program of Interdisciplinary Scientific and Educational School at Lomonosov Moscow State University “The planet future and global environmental changes”. The study of mineral and chemical composition of bentonites was performed in the framework of IGEM RAS State budget topic.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    D. D. Kosheleva, V. S. Cheptsov, A. L. Stepanov, I. I. Tolpeshta & V. V. Krupskaya

  2. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119017, Moscow, Russia

    V. V. Krupskaya

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  1. D. D. Kosheleva
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  2. V. S. Cheptsov
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Correspondence to D. D. Kosheleva.

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Translated by O. Eremina

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Kosheleva, D.D., Cheptsov, V.S., Stepanov, A.L. et al. Microbial Communities in Bentonites from Two Mineral Deposits. Eurasian Soil Sc. 56, 591–598 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229323600173

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