Abstract
Stocks of organic carbon in the northeast of Sakhalin Island average 109.8 kg/m2 in medium-deep oligotrophic peat soils, 75.8 kg/m2 in oligotrophic peat gley soils, 20.9–42.7 kg/m2 in peat gleyzems, and 16.6 kg/m2 in gleyzems. The vertical distribution of volumetric concentrations and the carbon stocks in different subtypes of peat soils and gleyzems have been studied. Linear regression equations have been developed to estimate carbon stocks in dependence on the depth of the peat layer. The coefficients of variation of the carbon stocks on test plots of 50 × 50 m in size increase in the following order: medium-deep oligotrophic peat soils (3.1–7.3%) < oligotrophic peat gley soils (3.3–12.9%) < peat gleyzems (9.2–21.7%) < gleyzems (22.9%). The proportion of the carbon stock variances has been estimated for three spatial scales (50 × 50 m, 5 × 5 km, and 10 × 10 km) with the use of the hierarchical analysis of variance. The required number of sampled profiles for reliable data on the mean carbon stocks in peat soils and gleyzems has been estimated. Nomograms for determining the least significant difference between the estimates of the mean soil carbon stocks have been proposed for studies with a small number of samples.





Similar content being viewed by others
Explore related subjects
Discover the latest articles and news from researchers in related subjects, suggested using machine learning.REFERENCES
V. A. Alekseev and R. A. Berdsi, Carbon in Ecosystems of Forests and Mires of Russia (Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Krasnoyarsk, 1994) [in Russian].
E. T. Bazin, V. D. Kopenkin, V. I. Kosov, S. S. Korchunov, and V. M. Petrovich, Technical Analysis of Peat, Ed. by E. T. Bazin (Nedra, Moscow, 1992) [in Russian].
N. V. Vlastova, Peatbogs of Sakhalin (Academy of Sciences of Soviet Union, Moscow, 1960) [in Russian].
E. A. Dmitriev, Mathematical Statistics in Soil Science (Moscow State Univ., Moscow, 1995) [in Russian].
L. I. Inisheva, The Science of Mires (Tomsk State Pedagogical Univ., Tomsk, 2009) [in Russian].
L. L. Shishov, V. D. Tonkonogov, I. I. Lebedeva, and M. I. Gerasimova, Classification and Diagnostic System of Russian Soils (Oikumena, Smolensk, 2004) [in Russian].
B. M. Kogut and A. S. Frid, “Comparative evaluation of methods for determining the content of humus in soils,” Pochvovedenie, No. 9, 119–123 (1993).
D. N. Lipatov, A. I. Shcheglov, D. V. Manakhov, Yu. A. Zavgorodnyaya, M. S. Rozanova, and P. T. Brekhov, “Spatial variation of peat soil properties in the oil-producing region of northeastern Sakhalin,” Eurasian Soil Sci. 50, 850–860 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229317070055
A. V. Pastukhov and D. A. Kaverin, “Soil carbon pools in tundra and taiga ecosystems of northeastern Europe,” Eurasian Soil Sci. 46, 958–967 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229313070077
A. V. Smagin, N. B. Sadovnikova, M. V. Smagina, M. V. Glagolev, E. M. Shevchenko, D. D. Khaidapova, and A. K. Guber, Modeling of Soil Organic Matter Dynamics (Moscow State Univ., Moscow, 2001) [in Russian].
Theory and Methods of Soil Physics, Ed. by E. V. Shein and L. O. Karpachevskii (Grif i K, Moscow, 2007) [in Russian].
C. E. Akumu and J. W. McLaughlin, “Regional variation in peatland carbon stock assessments, northern Ontario, Canada,” Geoderma 209–210, 161–167 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.06.021
D. Astiani, M. Mujiman, and A. Rafiastanto, “Forest type diversity on carbon stocks: Cases of recent land cover conditions of tropical lowland, swamp, and peatland forests in West Kalimantan, Indonesia,” Biodiversitas 18 (1), 137–144 (2017). https://doi.org/10.13057/biodiv/d180120
A. G. E. Ausseil, H. Jamali, B. R. Clarkson, and N. E. Golubiewski, “Soil carbon stocks in wetlands of New Zealand and impact of land conversion since European settlement,” Wetlands Ecol. Manage. 23 (5), 947–961 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11273-015-9432-4
D. W. Beilman, D. H. Vitt, J. S. Bhatti, and S. Forest, “Peat carbon stocks in the southern Mackenzie River Basin: uncertainties revealed in a high-resolution case study,” Global Change Biol. 14, 1221–1232 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2486.2008.01565.x
F. Conen, A. Zerva, D. Arrouays, C. Jolivet, P. G. Jarvis, J. Grace, and M. Mencuccini, “The carbon balance of forest soils: detectability of changes in soil carbon stocks in temperate and boreal forests,” in The Carbon Balance of Forest Biomes, Ed. by H. Griffith and P. G. Jarvis (Garland Science, New York, 2004), pp. 233–247.
M. H. Garnett, P. Ineson, A. C. Stevenson, and D. C. Howard, “Terrestrial organic carbon storage in a British moorland,” Global Change Biol. 7 (4), 375–388 (2001).
E. Goidts, B. van Wesemael, and M. Crucifix, “Magnitude and sources of uncertainties in soil organic carbon (SOC) stock assessments at various scales,” Eur. J. Soil Sci. 60 (5), 723–739 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2389.2009.01157.x
N. A. Griffiths, P. J. Hanson, D. M. Ricciuto, C. M. Iversen, A. M. Jensen, A. Malhotra, K. J. McFarlane, R. Norby, K. Sargsyan, S. D. Sebesteyen, X. Shi, A. P. Walker, E. J. Ward, J. M. Warren, and D. J. Weston, “Temporal and spatial variation in peatland carbon cycling and implications for interpreting responses of an ecosystem-scale warming experiment,” Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 81 (6), 1668–1688 (2017). https://doi.org/10.2136/sssaj2016.12.0422
U. Hoffmann, T. Hoffmann, E. A. Johnson, and N. J. Kuhn, “Assessment of variability and uncertainty of soil organic carbon in a mountainous boreal forest (Canadian Rocky Mountains, Alberta),” Catena 113, 107–121 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.catena.2013.09.009
S. A. Howie and H. J. van Meerveld, “Are point measurements in a bog representative of their surrounding area?” Mires Peat 24, 1–16 (2019). https://doi.org/10.19189/MaP.2018.OMB.364
IUSS Working Group WRB, World Reference Base for Soil Resources 2014, Update 2015, International Soil Classification System for Naming Soils and Creating Legends for Soil Maps, World Soil Resources Reports No. 106 (UN Food and Agriculture Organization, Rome, 2015).
J. B. Kauffman, V. B. Arifanti, I. Basuki, S. Kurnianto, N. Novita, D. Murdiyarso, D. C. Donato, and M. W. Warren, Protocols for the Measurement, Monitoring, and Reporting of Structure, Biomass, Carbon Stocks and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Tropical Peat Swamp Forests (Center for International Forestry Research, Bogor Barat, 2016). https://doi.org/10.17528/cifor/006429
É. Maillard, B. G. McConkey, and D. A. Angers, “Increased uncertainty in soil carbon stock measurement with spatial scale and sampling profile depth in world grasslands: a systematic analysis,” Agric., Ecosyst. Environ. 236, 268–276 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agee.2016.11.024
S. Mitra, R. Wassmann, and P. L. Vlek, “An appraisal of global wetland area and its organic carbon stock,” Curr. Sci. 88 (1), 25–35 (2005).
L. E. Parry and D. J. Charman, “Modeling soil organic carbon distribution in blanket peatlands at a landscape scale,” Geoderma 211–212, 75–84 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.07.006
J. Penman, M. Gytarski, T. Hiraishi, T. Krug, D. Kruger, R. Pipatti, L. Buendia, K. Miwa, T. Ngara, K. Tanabe, and F. Wagner, Good Practice Guidance for Land Use, Land-Use Change and Forestry (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, Kanagawa, 2003).
M. Schrumpf, E. D. Schulze, K. Kaiser, and J. Schumacher, “How accurately can soil organic carbon stocks and stock changes be quantified by soil inventories?” Biogeosciences 8 (5), 1193–1212 (2011). https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-8-1193-2011
L. F. Weissert and M. Disney, “Carbon storage in peatlands: a case study on the Isle of Man,” Geoderma 204–205, 111–119 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2013.04.016
M. L. Wellock, B. Reidy, C. M. Laperle, T. Bolger, and G. Kiely, “Soil organic carbon stocks of afforested peatlands in Ireland,” Forestry 84 (4), 441–451 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpr046
C. Wüst-Galley, E. Mössinger, and J. Leifeld, “Loss of the soil carbon storage function of drained forested peatlands,” Mires Peat 18 (7), 1–22 (2016). https://doi.org/10.19189/MaP.2015.OMB.189
W. Xing, K. Bao, A. V. Gallego-Sala, D. J. Charman, Z. Zhang, C. Gao, X. Lu, and G. Wang, “Climate controls on carbon accumulation in peatlands of Northeast China,” Quat. Sci. Rev. 115, 78–88 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2015.03.005
Z. C. Yu, “Northern peatland carbon stocks and dynamics: a review,” Biogeosciences 9 (10), 4071–4085 (2012). https://doi.org/doi:10.5194/bg-9-4071-2012
M. Zauft, H. Fell, F. Glaßer, N. Rosskopf, and J. Zeitz, “Carbon storage in the peatlands of Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, north-east Germany,” Mires Peat 6 (4), 1–12 (2010).
A. Zerva, T. Ball, K. A. Smith, and M. Mencuccini, “Soil carbon dynamics in a Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) chronosequence on a peaty gley,” For. Ecol. Manage. 205 (1–3), 227–240 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2004.10.03536
Y. Zhang and A. E. Hartemink, “Sampling designs for soil organic carbon stock assessment of soil profiles,” Geoderma 307, 220–230 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.geoderma.2017.08.013
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Translated by D. Konyushkov
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lipatov, D.N., Shcheglov, A.I., Manakhov, D.V. et al. Spatial Variation of Organic Carbon Stocks in Peat Soils and Gleyzems in the Northeast of Sakhalin Island. Eurasian Soil Sc. 54, 226–237 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229321020083
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1064229321020083


