Abstract
A vertical sequence of seven buried paleosols composing the Klimovsk pedocomplex was studied in the basin of the Sukhona River (Vologda oblast). These paleosols were formed according to the accumulative model of pedogenesis (pedosedimentation model). They had monogenetic profiles with eluvial-gley, structural, and carbonate-illuvial types of differentiation. The set of elementary pedogenic processes responsible for the development of these soils included gleyzation in the surface horizon and around the roots, the inter- and intrahorizon translocation and segregation of iron, structuring, humification, weathering, lessivage, the migration and segregation of carbonates, and the synthesis of palygorskite and analcime. The studied paleosol profiles make it possible to reconstruct seven pedogenetic stages; each of them lasted for about n × 102–103 years. The paleosols were formed on a flat lacustrine-alluvial plain with drying lakes and temporary streams. The stages of inundation and water stagnation on the surface alternated with the stages of drying of the territory. The climate was warm, with well-pronounced wet and dry seasons. Against this general climatic background, arid climatic epochs marked by the development of calcic paleosols alternated with humid climatic epochs marked by the development of noncalcareous paleosols.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. P. Aref’ev and S. V. Naugol’nykh, “Fossil Roots from the Upper Tatarian Deposits in the Basin of the Sukhona and Malaya Severnaya Dvina Rivers: Stratigraphy, Taxonomy, and Paleoecology,” Paleontol. Zh., No. 1, 86–99 (1998) [Paleontol. J. 32 (1), 82–96 (1998)].
E. N. Borisenko, Geochemistry of Gley Catagenesis in Sediments of the Red-Earth Formation (Nauka, Moscow, 1980) [in Russian].
Yu. N. Vodyanitskii and V. V. Dobrovol’skii, Iron-Bearing Minerals and Heavy Metals in Soils (Pochv. Inst. im. V.V. Dokuchaeva RASKhN, Moscow, 1998) [in Russian].
Environmental Geochemistry in Ore Provinces Ed. by A. I. Perel’man (Moscow, 1982) [in Russian].
V. K. Golubev, “Basins of the Sukhona, Malaya Severnaya Dvina, and Severnaya Dvina Rivers,” in Boundary between Permian and Triassic Continental Deposits in Eastern Europe Materials of the Intern. Symp. Upper Permian Deposits in the Volga Basin (GEOS, Moscow, 1998) [in Russian].
V. I. Ignat’ev, The Tatarian Deposits in Central and Eastern Regions of the Russian Plain. Part II. Geological Facies and Paleogeography (Izd. Kazansk. Gos. Univ., Kazan, 1963) [in Russian].
World Reference Base for Soil Resources: Basis for the International Classification and Correlation of Soils (KMK, Moscow, 2007) [in Russian].
V. M. Kotlyakov and A. I. Komarova, Geography: Concepts and Terms. Multilingual Academic Dictionary: Russian, English, French, Spanish, and German (Nauka, Moscow, 2007) [in Russian].
S. V. Naugol’nykh, “Paleosols of the Permian and Early Triassic Periods,” in Climate and Epochs of Global Biosphere Transformations (Tr. Geol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Vol. 550) (Nauka, Moscow, 2004), pp. 221–229 [in Russian].
A. I. Perel’man and E. N. Borisenko, “Geochemistry of Deserts of the Permian Period,” Izv. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Ser. Geogr., No. 6, 32–38 (1999).
Key Section of the Tatarian Stage in the Sukhona River Valley (Izd. Saratovsk. Gos. Univ., Saratov, 1981) [in Russian].
V. O. Targulian, A. G. Birina, A. V. Kulikov, and L. K. Tselishcheva, Organization, Composition, and Genesis of Soddy Pale-Podzolic Soils on Mantle Loams. Morphological Study (Materials of the X Intern. Soil Sci. Congress, Moscow, 1974) [in Russian].
Yu. G. Tsekhovskii, “Sedimentation and Lithogenesis of Red-Earth Deposits of the Late Cretaceous-Early Paleogene Periods in Kazakhstan,” Tr. Geol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR, No. 423, 191 (1987).
V. I. Chalyshev, Methodology for Studying Fossil Soils (Nedra, Moscow, 1978) [in Russian].
N. M. Chumakov, “Climate and Climatic Zonality in the Permian and Early Triassic Periods,” in Climate and Epochs of Global Biosphere Transformations (Tr. Geol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk, Vol. 550) (Nauka, Moscow, 2004), pp. 230–256 [in Russian].
Elementary Pedogenic Processes: Conceptual Analysis, Characterization, and Systematization Ed. by N. A. Karavaeva, V. O. Targulian, and A. E. Cherkinskii (Nauka, Moscow, 1992) [in Russian].
E. Yu. Yakimenko, V. O. Targulian, N. M. Chumakov, et al., “Paleosols in Upper Permian Sedimentary Rocks, Sukhona River (Severnaya Dvina Basin),” Litol. Polezn. Iskop., No. 4, 376–390 (2000) [Lithol. Miner. Resour. 35 (4), 331–344 (2000)].
M. I. Benito, R. De la Horra, J. F. Barrenechea, et al., “Late Permian Continental Sediments in the SE Iberian Ranges, Eastern Spain: Petrological and Mineralogical Characteristics and Palaeoenvironmental Significance,” Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 229(1–2), 24–39 (2005).
J. L. P. Kessler, G. S. Soreghan, and H. J. Wacker, “Equatorial Aridity in Western Pangea: Lower Permian Loessite and Dolomitic Paleosols in Northeastern New Mexico, U.S.A,” J. Sed. Res. 71, 818–833.
P. Krasilnikov, E. N. Garsia Calderon, “A WRB-Based Buried Paleosol Classification,” Quat. Int. 156–157, 176–188 (2006).
E. S. Krull and G. J. Retallack, “δ13C Depth Profiles from Paleosols across the Permian-Triassic Boundary: Evidence for Methane Release,” Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 112(9), 1459–1472 (2000).
G. J. Retallack, “Permafrost Palaeoclimate of Permian Palaeosols in the Gerringong Volcanic Facies of New South Wales,” Austr. J. Earth Sci. 46, 11–22 (1999).
G. J. Retallack, T. Greaver, and A. H. Jahren, “Return to Coalsack Bluff and the Permian-Triassic Boundary in Antarctica,” Global and Planetary Change 55, 90–108 (2007).
N. D. Sheldon, “Abrupt Chemical Weathering Increase across the Permian-Triassic Boundary,” Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 231, 315–321 (2006).
G. S. Soreghan (Lynn), R. D. Elmore, and M. T. Lewchuk, “Sedimentologic-Magnetic Record of Western Pangean Climate in Upper Paleozoic Loessite (Lower Cutler Beds, Utah),” Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 114(8), 1019–1035 (2002).
T. L. Kristy, G. S. Soreghan (Lynn), and E. R. Douglas, “Paleoclimatic Inferences from Paleopedology and Magnetism of the Permian Maroon Formation Loessite, Colorado, USA,” Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 116(5/6), 671–686 (2004).
N. J. Tabor and I. P. Montanez, “Oxygen and Hydrogen Isotope Compositions of Permian Pedogenic Phyllosilicates: Development of Modern Surface Domain Arrays and Implications for Paleotemperature Reconstructions,” Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 223(1–2), 127–146 (2005).
N. J. Tabor, C. J. Yapp, and I. P. Montanez, “Goethite, Calcite, and Organic Matter from Permian and Triassic Soils: Carbon Isotopes and CO2 Concentrations,” Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 68(7), 1503–1517 (2004).
E. Yakimenko, S. Inozemtsev, and S. Naugolnykh, “Upper Permian Paleosols (Salarevskian Formation) in the Central Part of the Russian Platform: Paleoecology and Paleoenvironment,” Revista Mexicana de Ciencias Geologicas 21(1), 110–119 (2004).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © S.A. Inozemtsev, V.O. Targulian, 2010, published in Pochvovedenie, 2010, No. 2, pp. 143–156.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Inozemtsev, S.A., Targulian, V.O. Upper Permian paleosols of the East European Platform: Diagnostics of pedogenesis and paleogeographic reconstruction. Eurasian Soil Sc. 43, 127–140 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1134/S106422931002002X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S106422931002002X