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Porous Silicon as a Nanomaterial for Disperse Transport Systems of Targeted Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear

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Abstract

The samples of porous silicon (por-Si) particles in three size ranges (60–80, 250–300, and 500–600 nm) are obtained by electrochemical anodic etching of single-crystal silicon in an electrolyte based on an HF solution, followed by a change in the modes of ultrasonic treatment and homogenization. A complex characterization of particles was carried out by scanning electron microscopy, photon cross-correlation spectroscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. In vitro biocompatibility models using unicellular organisms of infusoria Paramecium caudatum Keln are applied to demonstrate the low toxicity of the samples at concentrations used for intravenous administration. The systemic in vivo biodistribution was studied for the por-Si 60–80 nm sample using adult Wistar rats. Introduced nanoobjects are found in the liver and heart tissues without significant changes in shape or size and predominantly in the oxidized state. Possibilities of using por-Si samples as matrices for transporting pharmaceuticals with intravenous administration are studied by assessing the intensity of the ototropic effect of gentamicin. An objective audiologic method for studying the amplitude of otoacoustic emission revealed the largest otodepressive effect of gentamicin when submicrometer-sized por-Si particles (500–600 nm) was used as a disperse system for drug delivery. Thus, modifications of the conditions for the synthesis of por-Si nanoparticles are promising directions in obtaining physicochemical parameters of transport particles that are optimal for specific tasks of targeted drug delivery.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The equipment of the Science Park of the St. Petersburg State University “Physical Methods of Surface Investigation” and “Cultivation of Microorganisms” was used in the work. Samples of strains of cyanobacteria and infusoria are provided by the Resource Center “Cultivation of Microorganisms” of the Science Park of the St. Petersburg State University. The XPS data were interpreted with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-03-00020-a. The SEM part of the research was carried out within the framework of the State order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation, project no. 3.6288.2017/8.9 (BCh). The biological studies using experimental animals was performed within the framework of the State order of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, project no. 115091630046. The photon cross-correlation spectroscopy measurements were performed with the support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 17-32-50004 mol_nr.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Petersburg State Electrotechnical University, 197376, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Yu. M. Spivak, A. O. Belorus, V. A. Moshnikov, K. Bespalova & P. A. Somov

  2. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 197022, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. A. Panevin & S. G. Zhuravskii

  3. Almazov National Medical Research Center, 197341, St. Petersburg, Russia

    S. G. Zhuravskii

  4. St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia

    Yu. M. Zhukov, A. S. Komolov, L. V. Chistyakova & N. Yu. Grigor’eva

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  1. Yu. M. Spivak
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  2. A. O. Belorus
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  3. A. A. Panevin
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  4. S. G. Zhuravskii
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  5. V. A. Moshnikov
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  6. K. Bespalova
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  7. P. A. Somov
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  8. Yu. M. Zhukov
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  9. A. S. Komolov
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  10. L. V. Chistyakova
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  11. N. Yu. Grigor’eva
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Correspondence to Yu. M. Spivak.

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Translated by O. Zhukova

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Spivak, Y.M., Belorus, A.O., Panevin, A.A. et al. Porous Silicon as a Nanomaterial for Disperse Transport Systems of Targeted Drug Delivery to the Inner Ear. Tech. Phys. 63, 1352–1360 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063784218090207

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063784218090207

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