Abstract
The dipole blockade effect at laser excitation of mesoscopic ensembles of Rydberg atoms lies in the fact that the excitation of one atom to a Rydberg state blocks the excitation of other atoms due to the shift in the collective energy levels of interacting Rydberg atoms. It is used to obtain the entangled qubit states based on single neutral atoms in optical traps. In this paper, we present our experimental results on the observation of the dipole blockade for mesoscopic ensembles of 1–5 atoms when they are detected by the selective field ionization method. We have investigated the spectra of the three-photon laser excitation 5S1/2 → 5P3/2 → 6S1/2 → nP3/2 of cold Rydberg Rb atoms in a magneto-optical trap. We have found that for mesoscopic ensembles this method allows only a partial dipole blockage to be observed. This is most likely related to the presence of parasitic electric fields reducing the interaction energy of Rydberg atoms, the decrease in the probability of detecting high states, and the strong angular dependence of the interaction energy of Rydberg atoms in a single interaction volume.
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Funding
This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 19-52-15010 with regard to the theoretical analysis of Förster resonances and project no. 17-02-00987 with regard to the applications in quantum informatics), the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 18-12-00313 with regard to the dipole blockade theory), the Advanced Research Foundation (with regard to the experiment and analysis of its results), and the Novosibirsk State University.
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Yakshina, E.A., Tretyakov, D.B., Entin, V.M. et al. Observation of the Dipole Blockade Effect in Detecting Rydberg Atoms by the Selective Field Ionization Method. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 130, 170–182 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776120010215
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776120010215