Abstract
The parameters of the seasonal modulations in the intensity of muons and cosmogenic neutrons generated by them at a mean muon energy of 280 GeV have been determined in the LVD (Large Volume Detector) experiment. The modulations of muons and neutrons are caused by a temperature effect, the seasonal temperature and density variations of the upper atmospheric layers. The analysis performed here leads to the conclusion that the variations in the mean energy of the muon flux are the main source of underground cosmogenic neutron variations, because the energy of muons is more sensitive to the temperature effect than their intensity. The parameters of the seasonal modulations in the mean energy of muons and the flux of cosmogenic neutrons at the LVD depth have been determined from the data obtained over seven years of LVD operation.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. Bernabei, arXiv:1409.3516.
J. P. Ralston, arXiv:1006.5255.
K. Blum, arXiv:1110.0857.
J. H. Davis, Phys. Rev. Lett. 113, 081302 (2014), J. H. Davis, arXiv:1407.1052.
P. M. Blacket, Phys. Rev. 54, 973 (1938).
P. H. Barrett, L. M. Bollinger, G. Cocconi, Y. Eisenberg, and K. Greisen, Rev. Mod. Phys. 24, 133 (1952).
L. I. Dorman and E. L. Feinberg, Usp. Fiz. Nauk 59, 189 (1956).
M. Ambrosio et al. (MACRO Collab.), Astropart. Phys. 24, 109 (1997).
M. Selvi (LVD Collab.), in Proceedings of the 31st International Cosmic-Ray Conference (ICRC), Łódź,Poland, July 7–15, 2009 (Łódź, 2009).
D. D’Angelo, for the Borexino Collab., in Proceedings of the 32nd International Cosmic-Ray Conference (ICRC), Beijing, China, August 11–18, 2011 (Beijing, 2011); D. D’Angelo, for the Borexino Collab., arXiv:1109.3901.
N. Yu. Agafonova, V. V. Boyarkin, V. L. Dadykin, et al. (LVD Collab.), Bull. Russ. Acad. Sci.: Phys. 75 (3), 408 (2011).
G. Bari, M. Basile, G. Bruni, et al. (LVD Collab.), Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 264, 5 (1988).
M. Aglietta et al. (LVD Collab.), Nuovo Cimento Soc. Ital. Fis., A 105, 1793 (1992).
M. Aglietta et al. (LVD Collab.), Phys. Rev. D: Part. Fields 58, 92005 (1998).
M. Ambrosio et al. (MACRO Collab.), Astropart. Phys. 19, 313 (2003).
O. G. Ryajskaya and G. T. Zatsepin, in Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Cosmic Rays, London, United Kingdom, 1965 (The Institute of Physics and the Physical Society, London, United Kingdom, 1965), p. 987.
Y.-F. Wang, V. Balic, G. Gratta, A. Fasso, S. Roesler, and A. Ferrari. Phys. Rev. D: Part. Fields 64, 013012 (2001).
H. M. Araujo, V. A. Kudryavtsev, N. J. C. Spooner, and T. J. Summer, Nucl. Instrum. Methods Phys. Res., Sect. A 545, 398 (2005).
N. Yu. Agafonova and A. S. Malgin, Phys. Rev. D: Part., Fields, Gravitation, Cosmol. 87, 113013 (2013); N. Yu. Agafonova and A. S. Malgin, arXiv:1304.0919.
R. Bernabei, P. Belli, F. Cappella, V. Caracciolo, S. Castellano, R. Cerulli, C. J. Dai, A. d’Angelo, S. d’Angelo, A. Di Marco, H. L. He, A. Incicchitti, H. H. Kuang, X. H. Ma, F. Montecchia, et al., Eur. Phys. J. C 73, 2648 (2013); R. Bernabei, P. Belli, F. Cappella, V. Caracciolo, S. Castellano, R. Cerulli, C. J. Dai, A. d’Angelo, S. d’Angelo, A. Di Marco, H. L. He, A. Incicchitti, H. H. Kuang, X. H. Ma, F. Montecchia, et al., arXiv:1308.5109.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.S. Malgin, 2015, published in Zhurnal Eksperimental’noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki, 2015, Vol. 148, No. 2, pp. 247–251.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Malgin, A.S. Seasonal modulations of the underground cosmic-ray muon energy. J. Exp. Theor. Phys. 121, 212–216 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776115080191
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063776115080191