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Small-Angle Neutron Diffraction for Studying Ferromagnetic Inverse Opal-Like Structures

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Abstract

The review is focused on the use of small-angle polarized-neutron diffraction to describe the orientation of local magnetization vector in spatially ordered magnetic metamaterials. The objects of study are direct and inverse opals; these materials are synthesized for diverse applications in magnetooptics, micro- and nanoelectronics, and photonics. The methodology of experiments and the theoretical base for processing experimental results are considered in detail. It is shown that the method of small-angle diffraction of polarized neutrons is unique in solving such problems; it is used at the limit of its possibilities when studying the magnetic structure under an applied field on the scale of ~400–800 nm. The questions of frustration of local magnetization vectors are discussed using the structural data on direct and inverse opals, obtained by ultra-small-angle diffraction of synchrotron radiation. The existing methods for synthesizing direct and inverse opals, which make it possible to obtain metamaterials with a three-dimensional ordered structure of nanoparticles, are also described.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are deeply grateful to all co-authors of the papers that were reviewed:

N.A. Sapoletov, K.S. Napol’skii, Andrei A. Eliseev, Artem A. Eliseev, A.S. Sinitskii, V.V. Abramov, A.V. Lukashin (staff and students of the Faculty of Materials Science of Moscow State University), A.K. Samusev, I.S. Sinev, K.B. Samusev, M.V. Rybin, M.F. Limonov, E.Yu. Trofimov, D.A. Kurdyukov, and V.G. Golubev (Ioffe Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences) for the preparation of the samples, participation in experiments, and fruitful discussions;

A.V. Petukhov, D.V. Belov, J. Hilhorst (Eindhoven University of Technology, the Netherlands), and W.G. Bouwman (Reactor of the Delft University of Technology, the Netherlands) for the participation in experiments and fruitful discussions;

D.Yu. Chernyshov and K. Kvashnina (BM-01 and DUBBLE, respectively; European Synchrotron Radiation Facility, ESRF, France), H. Eckerlebe (SANS-2, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Germany), D. Menzel (Technische Universität Braunschweig, Germany), A. Heinemann (SANS-1, Forschungsreaktor Technische Universität München (FRM-II), Germany), A. Vorob’ev and D. Honnecker (SuperAdam and small-angle neutron scattering instrument D33, respectively; Institut Laue–Langevin (ILL), France) for the provided experimental time at the research facilities and help in carrying out experiments;

I.S. Shishkin, I.S. Dubitskii, and G.A. Val’kovskii (staff and postgraduates of St. Petersburg State University) and А. Vasil’eva (Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute) for processing experimental data, help in carrying out experiments, and discussion of the results.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. St. Petersburg State University, 199034, St. Petersburg, Russia

    N. A. Grigoryeva, A. A. Mistonov & S. V. Grigoriev

  2. Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute named by B.P. Konstantinov, National Research Centre “Kurchatov Institute”, 188300, Gatchina, Leningradskaya oblast, Russia

    S. V. Grigoriev

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  1. N. A. Grigoryeva
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Translated by Yu. Sin’kov

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Grigoryeva, N.A., Mistonov, A.A. & Grigoriev, S.V. Small-Angle Neutron Diffraction for Studying Ferromagnetic Inverse Opal-Like Structures. Crystallogr. Rep. 67, 93–117 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063774522010060

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