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Evolution of planetary-nebula envelopes and determination of their distances

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Abstract

Evolutionary properties of the radial distribution of the gas density in the envelopes of 12 Galactic planetary nebulae are discussed. An evolutionary relationship between the maximum gas density n(r)max and the radius of the ionized segment of the nebula r c is derived. The ionized-gas masses in the envelopes of these nebulae M i /M ⊙ are determined. The relationship between the mass M i /M ⊙ and radius of the nebula is derived. The value of M i /M ⊙ changes by approximately a factor of 275 during a nebula’s evolution, ranging from 0.0038M ⊙ for “young” nebulae (IC 5117) to 1.05M ⊙ for “old” nebulae (NGC 7293). Distances to the nebulae are determined based on calculated photoionization models. These distances are in good agreement with those obtained independently byMalkov and with the distance to the planetary nebula K648 in the Galactic star cluster M15.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Franko National University, Lviv, Ukraine

    V. V. Golovatyi & A. V. Demchyna

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  1. V. V. Golovatyi
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  2. A. V. Demchyna
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Correspondence to V. V. Golovatyi.

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Original Russian Text © V.V. Golovatyi, A.V. Demchyna, 2014, published in Astronomicheskii Zhurnal, 2014, Vol. 91, No. 10, pp. 789–799.

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Golovatyi, V.V., Demchyna, A.V. Evolution of planetary-nebula envelopes and determination of their distances. Astron. Rep. 58, 692–701 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063772914100059

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