Abstract
According to the data of trawl catches performed by the R/V “TINRO” in the upper epipelagic zone (0–50 m) of Pacific waters off the Kuril Islands from June 2 to July 8, 2012, the abundance of nekton was the lowest for the recent 9 years; thus, its density in 2012 (1.5 t/km2) was lower than the average value for the 2004–2012 period (2.40 ± 0.39 t/km2). The major portion of the nekton biomass was formed by pacific salmon (706 000 tons, or 43.6%); their role grows abruptly during pre-spawning migrations of pink salmon, whose proportion reached 29.8% (483 000 t). In 2012, the recorded biomass of pre-anadromous pink salmon was as high as those in the previous 3 years, and even higher than the estimate of 2010 (479 800 t), which is the largest value for even-numbered years. The value of 2012 also was comparable with the estimates for the previous odd-numbered year, 2011, when the total biomass of the species constituted 496 500 t. Chum salmon stands out among other salmon for its record-high biomass (192 700 t, 11.9%), which was twice as high as that in 2011. The biomass and the share of the mesopelagic fish complex was the lowest (286800 t, 17.7%) since 2004. Among other fish species, Kuril groups of walleye pollock also had a substantial biomass (381 200 t, 23.5%). The total biomass of squid (225 300 t, 13.9%) was lower than the value of 2011 (326 300 t, 14.8%) owing to the decline in the biomass of Boreopacific gonate squid by 90 000 t.
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Original Russian Text © A.A. Khoruzhiy, A.V. Zavolokin, A.N. Starovoytov, S.V. Naydenko, N.S. Vanin, E.N. Dubovets, E.A. Kornilova, P.O. Emelin, A.A. Somov, 2013, published in Izvestiya TINRO.
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Khoruzhiy, A.A., Zavolokin, A.V., Starovoytov, A.N. et al. Pacific salmons in the nekton community of the upper epipelagic layer of the Northwest Pacific at Kuril Islands in the early summer of 2012. Russ J Mar Biol 39, 486–500 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074013070031
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074013070031