Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of extreme changes of sea water temperature and salinity on the development of the sand dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis

  • Physiological Ecology
  • Published:
Russian Journal of Marine Biology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The combined effects of temperatures of 14, 17, 20, 22, and 25°C and salinities of 36–12‰ on embryos and larvae of the sand dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis was studied. Embryonic development is the most sensitive stage in the early ontogenesis of S. mirabilis. It is completed at a temperature of 14–20°C in a salinity range of 36–24‰ and at temperature of 22°C to 26‰. The fertilization proceeds in wider ranges of temperature and salinity. Among the swimming larvae, blastulae showed the greatest resistance to variations of these environmental factors. All the larvae survived at a temperature of 14–22°C and a salinity of 36–20‰, and more than 70% of them at 18‰. The pluteus I is the most vulnerable stage; probably this is related to the formation of the larval skeleton and transition to phytoplankton feeding. The survival of larvae at the age of 20 days was 100% at 14–22° C and a salinity of 36–24‰, most of them survived at 14–20°C and a salinity 18‰. The temperature 25 ° C is the most damaging for early development of S. mirabilis. The duration of development of that species lasts 28.5–29 days at 20°C and a salinity of 32.2–32.6‰. At 20 and 22°C, the larvae settled and completed metamorphosis more quickly if sand from the parental habitat was present. The larvae did not settle during the experiment (14 days) at 14 ° C and in the absence of sand.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Artyukhov, A.A., Kupera, E.V., Rutskova, T.A., et al, Search of New Sources of Echinochrome for Production of Medicinal and Prophylactic Preparations. Issledovaniya v oblasti fiziko-khimicheskoi biologii i biotekhnologii: Materialy II Region. nauch. konf. 19–21 dekabrya 2006. Vladivostok (Researches in the Field of Physicochemical Biology and Biotechnology: Materials II Reg. Sci. Conf., December 19–21, 2006. Vladivostok,) p. 26.

  2. Baranova, Z.I., Phylum Echinodermata, Zhivotnye i rasteniya zaliva Petra Velikogo (Animals and Plants of Peter the Great Bay), Leningrad: Nauka, 1976, pp. 114–120.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bekova, N.V., Zhuravel, E.V., and Khristoforova, N.K., Effects of Desalination and the Detergent Sodium Dode-cylsulphate on the Early Development of the Sand Dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis, Biol. Morya, 2004, vol. 30, no. 3. pp. 208–214.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Brykov, V.A. and Kashenko, S.D., Distribution and Some Aspects of Ecology of Sand Dollars in the Vostok Bay, Sea of Japan, Biologicheskie issledovaniya zaliva Vostok, (Biological Researches in the Vostok Bay) Vladivostok: Dal. Vost. Nauch.Tsentr àN SSSR, 1976, pp. 143–150.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Dautov, S.Sh. and Kashenko, S.D., Development of the Sand Dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis, Biol. Morya, 2008, vol. 34, no. 6, pp. 456–461.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Dobretsov, N.L. Results of Activity of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Science in 2005 and Next Tasks in Modernization of Structure, Functions and Mechanisms of Financing of Academic Science in Siberia, Nauka v Sibiri, 2006, iss. 19 (2554).

  7. Dyakonov, A.I., Echinoderms (Echinodermata) of Syahu Bay of the Sea of Japan Tr. gidrobiol. ekspeditsii ZIN AN SSSR, 1938, iss. 1, pp. 425–498.

  8. Zhuravel, E.V., Markina, Z.V., Khristoforova. N.K., and Aizdaicher, N.A., Biotesting of Water Quality in Peter the Great Bay with the Use of the Microalga Dunaliella salina and Embryos and Larvae of the Sea Urchin Scaphechinus mirabilis, Biol. Morya, 2006, vol. 32, no. 3, pp. 188–196.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Kasyanov, V.L., Kryuchkova, G.A., Kulikova, V.A., and Medvedeva, L.A., Larvae of Sea Urchins (Morphology, Physiology, Behaviour), Lichinki morskikh dvustvorchatykh mollyuskov i iglokozhikh, (Larvae of Marine Bivalves and Echinoderms), Moscow: Nauka, 1983, pp. 108–154.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kashenko, S.D., The Effect of Freshening on Development of Far East Trepang, Biol. Morya, 1992, no. 3–4, pp. 43–52.

  11. Kashenko, S.D., Effects of Temperature and Salinity on the Early Development of the Japanese Sea Cucumber(Trepang) Stichopus japonicus, Biol. Morya, 1998, vol. 24, no. 2, pp. 103–107.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Kashenko, S.D., Combined Effect of Temperature and Salinity on the Development of the Holothurian Eupentacta fraudatrix, Biol. Morya, 2000, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 182–187.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Kashenko, S.D., The Reaction of the Starfish Asterias amurensiss and Patiria pectinifera (Asteroidea) from Vostok Bay (Sea of Japan) to a Salinity Decrease, Biol. Morya, 2003, vol. 29, 2, pp. 127–131.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Kashenko, S.D., Responses of Embryos and Larvae of the Starfish Asterias amurensis to Changes in Temperature and Salinity, Biol. Morya, 2005, vol. 31, no. 5, pp. 344–351.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Kashenko, S.D., The Combined Effect of Temperature and Salinity on Development of the Sea Star Asterina pectinifera, Biol. Morya, 2006a, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 43–49.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Kashenko, S.D., Resistance of the Heart Sea Urchin Echinocardium cordatum (Echinoidea: Spatangoida) to Extreme Environmental Changes, Biol. Morya, 2006b, vol. 32, no. 6, pp. 447–449.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Kashenko, S.D., Adaptive Responses of Embryos and Larvae of the Heart-Shaped Sea Urchin Echinocardium cordatum to Temperature and Salinity Changes, Biol. Morya, 2007, vol. 33, no. 6, pp. 423–431.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kashenko, S.D., Responses of the Sand Dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis to Extreme Environmental Changes, Biol. Morya, 2008, vol. 34, no. 3, pp. 196–199.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kryuchkova, G.A., Hybrid Larvae of Sand Dollars, Biol. Morya, 1977, no. 5, pp. 78–81.

  20. Kryuchkova, G.A., Scaphechinus mirabilis (Agassis), Kratkii opredelitel’ lichinok morskikh ezhei, ofiur i goloturii zaliva Petra Velikogo Yaponskogo morya. Preprint No. 22 (The Brief Key to Larvae of Sand Dollars, Brittle Stars, and Holothuirians of the Peter the Great Bay, Sea of Japan. The Preprint 22), Vladivostok: Dal. Vost. Nauch. Tsentr AN SSSR, 1987, pp. 25–29.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Saranchova, O.L., Ontogenic Variations of Adaptive Response to Environomental Salinity in White Sea Asterias rubens L., Ekologicheskie issledovaniya donnykh organizmov Belogo morya (Ecological Research of Bottom Organisms of the White Sea), Leningrad: ZIN AN SSSR, 1986, pp. 42–49.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Saranchova, O.L., and Flyachinskaya, L.P., The Influence of Salinity on Early Ontogeny of the Mussel Mytilus edulis and the Starfish Asterias rubens from the White Sea, Biol. Morya, 2001, vol. 27, 2, pp. 110–116.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Urbach, V. Yu., Matematicheskaya statistika dlya biologov i medikov (Mathematical Statistics for Biologists and Physicians), Moscow: Izd. AN SSSR, 1963.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Bruce, B.D., Sutton, C.A., and Lyne, V., Laboratory and Field Studies of the Larval Distribution and Duration of the Introduced Seastar Asterias amurensis with Updated and Improved Prediction of the Species Spread Based on a Larval Dispersal Model, Final Report to Fisheries Research and Development Corporation, CSIRO, Australia, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Kominami, T. and Takata, H. Cellular Basis of Gastrulation in the Sand Dollar caphechinus mirabilis, Biol. Bull., 2000, vol. 199, no. 3, pp. 287–297.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Nisiyama, S., The Echinoid Fauna from Japan and Adjacent Regions. Part II, Palaeontol. Soc. JPN Spec. Pap., 1968, no. 13, pp. 112–122.

  27. Roller, R.A. and Stickle, W.B., Effects of Salinity on Larval Tolerance and Early Developmental Rates of Four Species of Echinoderms, Can. J. Zool., 1985, vol. 63, pp. 1531–1538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Zhirmunsky Institute of Marine Biology, Far East Division, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vladivostok, 690041, Russia

    S. D. Kashenko

Authors
  1. S. D. Kashenko
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to S. D. Kashenko.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © S.D. Kashenko, 2009, published in Biologiya Morya.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kashenko, S.D. Effects of extreme changes of sea water temperature and salinity on the development of the sand dollar Scaphechinus mirabilis . Russ J Mar Biol 35, 422–430 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074009050083

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063074009050083

Key words

Search

Navigation