Abstract
The optical polarization method with ring-shaped photoelastic sensors, digital photography of isochromatic patterns and their clarification using neural networks is developed for the stress measurement in rock mass. The case-studies of the photoelasticity application in solving various problems of elasticity and rock pressure analysis are reviewed. As a result of a lab-scale experiment, a data set of 15000 isochromatic images is collected. The machine learning algorithm was a convolutional neural network, the Inception module. The authors recommend using downhole sensors for the continuous stress monitoring in underground mines and integrating the obtained data in a digital model with the help of IoT.
REFERENCES
Zhang, Q.Y., Zhang, Y., Duan, K., Liu, C.C., Miao, Y.S., and Wu, D., Large-Scale Geo-Mechanical Model Tests for the Stability Assessment of Deep Underground Complex under Truetriaxial Stress, Tunnel. Underground Space Technol., 2019, vol. 83, pp. 577–591.
Holmøy, K.H. and Nilsen, B., Significance of Geological Parameters for Predicting Water Inflow in Hard Rock Tunnels, J. Rock. Mech. Rock. Eng., 2014, vol. 47, pp. 853–868.
Li, X., Gong, F., Tao, M., Dong, L., Du, K., Ma, C., Zhou, Z., and Yin, T., Failure Mechanism and Coupled Static-Dynamic Loading Theory in Deep Hard Rock Mining: A Review, J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 2017, vol. 9, pp. 767–782.
Liu, R., Liu, Y., Xin, D., Li, S., Zheng, Z., Ma, C., and Zhang, C., Prediction of Water Inflow in Subsea Tunnels under Blasting Vibration, Water (Switzerland), 2018, vol. 10, no. 10. — 1336.
Dammyra, O., Nilsena, B., and Golleggerb, J., Feasibility of Tunnel Boring through Weakness Zones in Deep Norwegian Subsea Tunnels, Tunnel. Underground Space Technol., 2017, vol. 69, pp. 133–146.
Biryuchev, I.V., Makarov, A.B., and Usov, A.A., Geomechanical Model of a Mine. Part I. Creation, Gornyi Zhurnal, 2020, no. 1, pp. 42–48.
Konurin, A.I., Neverov, S.A., Neverov, A.A., and Shchukin, S.A., The Problem of Numerical Modeling of Stress-Strain State and Stability of a Fractured Rock Mass, Fund. Prikl. Vopr. Gorn. Nauk, 2019, vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 144–150.
Neverov, S.A., Types of Orebodies on the Basis of the Occurrence Depth and Stress State. Part I: Modern Concept of the Stress State versus Depth, Journal of Mining Science, 2012, vol. 48, no. 2, pp. 249–259.
Leont’ev, A.V., Rubtsova, E.V., Lekontsev, Yu.M., and Kachal’sky, V.G., Measuring-Computing Complex "Gidrorazryv", Journal of Mining Science, 2010, vol. 46, no. 1, pp. 89–94.
Leont’ev, A.V., Makarov, A.B., and Tarasov, A.Yu., In Situ Stress State Assessment in the Nurkazgan Mine, Journal of Mining Science, 2013, vol. 49, no. 4, pp. 550–556.
Kurlenya, M.V., Baryshnikov, V.D., Baryshnikov, D.V., Gakhova, L.N., Kachal’sky, V.G., and Khmelinin, A.P., Development and Improvement of Borehole Methods for Estimating and Monitoring Stress-Strain Behavior of Engineering Facilities in Mines, Journal of Mining Science, 2019, vol. 55, no. 4, pp. 682–694.
Golovin, S.A. and Gusev, K.V., Criterion for the Qualitative Difference between Industry 3.0 and Industry 4.0, Standarty i Kachestvo, 2022, no. 4, pp. 96–100.
Zhang, X., Nguyen, H., Bui, X.N., Le, H.A., Nguyen-Thoi, T., Moayedi, H., and Mahesh, V., Evaluating and Predicting the Stability of Roadways in Tunnelling and Underground Space Using Artificial Neural Network-Based Particle Swarm Optimization, Tunnel. Underground Space Technol., 2020, vol. 103. 103517.
Pu, Y., Apel, D., Liu, W., and Mitri, H., Machine Learning Methods for Rockburst Prediction-State-of-the-Art Review, Int. J. Min. Sci. Technol., 2019, vol. 29, pp. 565–570.
Duan, Y., Shen, Y., Canbulat, I., and Si, G., Classification of Clustered Microseismic Events in a Coal Mine Using Machine Learning, J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 2021, vol. 13, pp. 1256–1273.
Jinqiang, W., Basnet, P., and Mahtab, S., Review of Machine Learning and Deep Learning Application in Mine Microseismic Event Classification, Min. Miner. Deposits, 2021, vol. 15, pp. 19–26.
Bhatawdekar, R., Nguyen, H., Rostami, J., Bui, X., Jahed Armaghani, D., Ragam, P., and Mohamad, E., Prediction of Flyrock Distance Induced by mine Blasting Using a Novel Harris Hawks Optimization-Based Multi-Layer Perceptron Neural Network, J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 2021, vol. 13, pp. 1413–1427.
Isleyen, E., Duzgun, S., and Carter, R., Interpretable Deep Learning for Roof Fall Hazard Detection in Underground Mines, J. Rock Mech. Geotech. Eng., 2021, vol. 13, pp. 1246–1255.
Kulakov, G.I. and Schastlivtsev, E.L., Skvazhinnye kol’tsevye fotouprugie datchiki (Downhole Ring-Shaped Photoelastic Sensors), Kemerovo: IUiU SO RAN, 2007.
Khaimova-Malkova, R.I., Metodika issledovaniya napryazhenii polyarizatsionno-opticheskim metodom (Procedure for Studying Stresses Using Optical Polarization), Moscow: Nauka, 1970.
Filatov, N.A., Belyakov, V.D., and Ievlev, G.A., Fotouprugost’ v gornoi geomekhanike (Photoelasticity in Rock Geomechanics), Moscow: Nedra, 1975.
Trumbachev, V.F. and Slavin, O.K., Metodika modelirovaniya massiva gornykh porod metodami fotomekhaniki. Ch. I–II. (Procedure for Modeling Rock Mass by Photomechanical Methods. Parts I–II), Moscow: IGD im. Skochinskogo, 1975.
Ju, Y., Ren, Z., Mao, L., and Chiang, F.P., Quantitative Visualization of the Continuous Whole-Field Stress Evolution in Complex Pore Structures Using Photoelastic Testing and 3D Printing Methods, Optics Express, 2018, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 6182–6201.
Guo, J., Zhu, B., Liu, X., Luo, J., and Li, Z., Study on the Geo-Stress Loading and Excavation Unloading Devices of the Large-Scale Photoelastic Model Test for Deep-Buried Tunnels, Hindawi, Shock and Vibration, 2021. 1939505.
Adelfar, M., Tavangar, R., Horandghadim, N., and Khalil-Allafi, J., Evaluating Superelastic and Shape Memory Effects Using the Photostress Technique, Materials Today Communications, 2020, vol. 23. 101156.
Asai, K., Yoshida, S., Yamada, A., Matsuoka, J., Errapart, A., and Kurkjian, C.R., Micro-Photoelastic Evaluation of Indentation-Induced Stress in Glass, Materials Transactions, 2019, vol. 60, no. 8, pp. 1423–1427.
Ju, Y., Ren, Z., Mao, L., and Chiang, F.P. Quantitative visualization of the continuous whole-field stress evolution in complex pore structures using photoelastic testing and 3D printing methods, Optics Express, 2018, Vol. 26, No. 5. pp. 6182–6201.
Wang, Y., Zheng, G., and Wang, X., Development and Application of a Goafsafety Monitoring System Using Multi-Sensor Information Fusion, Tunnel. Underground Space Technol., 2019, vol. 94. 103112.
Konurin, A., Neverov, S., Neverov, A., Orlov, D., Zharov, I., and Konurina, M., Application of Artificial Neural Networks for Stress State Analysis Based on the Photoelastic Method, Geohazard Mechanics, 2023, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 128–139.
Nesterenko, G.T., Tverdovsky, R.K., and Artemov, R.P., Improvement of Unloading Method for Stress Determination in Hard Fractured Rocks, Trudy VNIMI, 1966, no. 62, pp. 169–182.
Famin, L.B., Installation for Experimental Determination of Changes—Stress State of a Coal Seam in Bottomhole Area, Tekhnologiya i ekonomika ugledobychi, 1960, no. 4, pp. 70–73.
Hiramatsu, Y., Measurement of Variation in Stress with a Photoelastic Stressmeter, Kyoto, 1964.
Barron, K., Class Insert Stressmeters, Trans. Am. Inst. Min. Metall. Eng., 1965, vol. 235, pp. 287–299.
Hawkes, I. and Fellers, G.E., Theory of the Determination of Greatest Principal Stress in a Biaxial Stress Field Using Photoelastic Hollow Cylinder Inclusions, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci., 1969, vol. 6, pp. 143–158.
Shrepp, B.V., Boyarkin, V.I., and Svechnikov, V.F., Izuchenie napryazhennogo massiva s ispol’zovaniem fotouprugikh tenzometrov i opticheskikh datchikov. Izmerenie napryazhenii v massive gornykh porod (Study of a Stressed Rock Mass Using Photoelastic Strain Gauges and Optical Sensors. Stress Measurement in a Rock Mass), Novosibirsk: IGD SO AN SSSR, 1972.
Gritsko, G.I., Senuk, D.P., and Kulakov, G.I., Measuring Stresses in a Hereditary-Elastic Medium by Means of Photoelastic Sensors, Journal of Mining Science, 1970, vol. 6, no. 3, pp. 330–332.
Kulakov, G.I., Use of Photoelastic Indicators in the Complete Relief Method, Journal of Mining Science, 1980, vol. 16, no. 5, pp. 484–488.
Kurlenya, M.V., Guzhova, S.V., and Kulakov, G.I., Zhestkie datchiki napryazhenii dlya geomekhanicheskikh izmerenii (Rigid Stress Gauges for Geomechanical Measurements), Novosibirsk: Nauka, 1990.
Guzhova, S.V., Development of Methods for Measuring Total Stresses in Rock Masses and in Tubing Supports Using Photoelastic Sensors, Cand. Tech. Sci. Thesis, Novosibirsk, 2003.
Galushkin, A.I., Neironnye seti: osnovy teorii (Neural Networks: Basic Theory), Moscow: RiS, 2014.
Wu, H., Global Stability Analysis of a General Class of Discontinuous Neural Networks with Linear Growth Activation Functions, Information Sciences, 2009, vol. 179, no. 19, pp. 3432–3441.
Kashirina, I.L. and Demchenko, M.V., Study and Comparative Analysis of Optimization Methods Used in Neural Networks Learning, Vestn. VGU. Seriya: Sistemnyi analiz i informatsionnye tekhnologii, 2018, no. 4, pp. 123–132.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated from Fiziko-Tekhnicheskie Problemy Razrabotki Poleznykh Iskopaemykh, 2023, No. 6, pp. 176-189. https://doi.org/10.15372/FTPRPI20230617.
Publisher’s Note. Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Neverov, S.A., Neverov, A.A., Konurin, A.I. et al. Application of Neural Networks in Rock Mass Stress Assessment by Photoelasticity. J Min Sci 59, 1045–1057 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062739123060170
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062739123060170