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The Role of the Purinergic Signaling System in the Control of Histogenesis, Homeostasis, and Pathogenesis of the Vertebrate Retina

  • DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY OF ANIMALS (INVERTEBRATES AND VERTEBRATES)
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Abstract

The purinergic signaling system (PSS) occupies an exceptional position in the regulation of cellular processes, maintaining the homeostasis of the retina of vertebrates. In addition to general regularities, taxon-specific differences, genetically and metabolically determined, are manifested in the functioning of PSS in the retina. Signal cascades with the participation of PSS components can perform a dual role in the retina: they have both a damaging and protective effect, which is largely determined by the conditions of the cellular microenvironment and the molecular context. The identification of key components in the functioning of the PSS, linking it with other endogenous regulatory systems, creates prerequisites for the selection of cellular and molecular targets for neuroprotection in human retinal pathologies.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The work was performed using the equipment of the Core Centrum of Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences.

Funding

This work was performed within the framework of the Government Program of Basic Research of Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Science (IDB RAS), 2021, no. 0088-2021-0017.

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  1. Koltsov Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia

    Yu. V. Markitantova & V. N. Simirskii

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  1. Yu. V. Markitantova
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The authors made the same contribution to the preparation of materials and the writing of this review.

LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

ATP

Adenosine triphosphate

ADP

Adenosine diphosphate

AMP

Adenosine monophosphate

ATPase

Adenosinetriphosphatase

Acetyl-CoA

Acetylcoenzyme A

AMD

Age-related macular retinal dystrophy

GABA

Gamma-aminobutyric acid

DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid

NADPH

Nicotinamide-β-adenine dinucleotide phosphate

PSS

Purinergic signaling system

RPE

Retinal pigment epithelium

ABC transporters

Transport proteins containing an ATP-binding domain

UTP

Uridine triphosphate

cAMP

Cyclic adenosine monophosphate

cGMP

Cyclic guanosine monophosphate

ALP

(alkaline phosphatase)

Alkaline phosphatase

AR

Metabotropic receptors for adenosine

BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor)

Brain-derived neurotrophic factor

BrdU (Bromodeoxyuridine/5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine)

Bromodeoxyuridine

CNT (concentrative nucleoside transporter)

Concentrative nucleoside transporters

eN (ecto-5'-nucleotidase)

Ecto-5'-nucleotidase

ENT

Equilibrium nucleoside transporters

ENTPD

Ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase

ENPP

Ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase

FGF (fibroblast growth factor)

Fibroblast growth factor

G2 (period of rapid cell growth and protein synthesis in cell cycle preceding mitosis)

Postsynthetic or premitotic phase of the cell cycle

NO (nitric oxide)

Nitric oxide

iNOS (inducible nitric oxide synthase)

Inducible nitric oxide synthase

IP3 (inositol trisphosphate)

Inositol-1,4,5-triphosphate

M

Phase of mitosis

MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase)

Mitogen-activated protein kinase

NGF (nerve growth factor)

Nerve growth factor

P2XR (ATP-gated P2X receptor cation channel family)

Family of ATP-controlled P2X receptor cationic channels

P2YR

Metabotropic G-protein-bound receptors

PCNA (proliferating cell nuclear antigen)

Proliferating cell nuclear antigen

PI3K/Akt

PI3K/Akt signaling pathway

PKC (protein kinase C)

Protein kinase C

PLC (phospholipase C)

Phospholipase C

S-phase

The phase of DNA replication

TGF (transforming growth factor)

Transforming growth factor

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yu. V. Markitantova or V. N. Simirskii.

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Markitantova, Y.V., Simirskii, V.N. The Role of the Purinergic Signaling System in the Control of Histogenesis, Homeostasis, and Pathogenesis of the Vertebrate Retina. Russ J Dev Biol 52, 430–448 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062360421060084

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