Abstract
Using the result of long-term monitoring (over 30 years) of the main population parameters of cyclomorphic mammals (genera Clethrionomys, Microtus, and Sylvaemus) in the Il’men Reserve (Chelyabinsk oblast, the Southern Urals), the phenomenology of the sex ratio and its dynamics in their natural populations are analyzed. The main factors potentially influencing the sex structure of rodents are considered, including isolation of settlements, relative abundance, population density, species-specific features, alternative types of ontogeny, exposure to extreme factors, sex-dependent asynchronous mortality, and age cross. It is shown that the analysis of sex structure in rodents should be performed taking into account the type of their ontogeny, with the CMR method (capture-marking-recapture) giving the most objective estimate of the sex ratio. An alternative approach is to analyze samples taken in autumn to winter, after the end of breeding and elimination of reproductive individuals from the population. It is concluded that the dynamics of the sex structure in murine rodents are conditioned ecologically and that no selective elimination of individuals depending on sex takes place upon overwintering. The sex ratio in cyclomorphic mammals is a variable parameter that fluctuates about the average value depending on both regular and random factors. Methodological recommendations are given for the assessment of sex structure in cyclomorphic mammals.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ambrose, H.W., A Comparison of Microtus pennsylvanicus Home Ranges As Determined by Isotope and Live Trap Methods, Am. Midl. Nat., 1969, vol. 81, pp. 535–555.
Bailey, N.T.J., Statistical Methods in Biology, London: English Universities Press, 1959. Translated under the title Statisticheskie metody v biologii, Moscow: Mir, 1964.
Bol’shakov, V.N. and Kubantsev, B.S., Polovaya struktura populyatsii mlekopitayushchikh i ee dinamika (Sex Structure of Mammal Populations and Its Dynamics), Moscow: Nauka, 1984.
Brown, L.E., Movements of Some British Small Mammals, J. Anim. Ecol., 1956, vol. 25, pp. 54–71.
Bujalska, G. and Saitoh, T., 2000. Territoriality and Its Consequences, Pol. J. Ecol., 2000, vol. 48,Suppl., pp. 37–49.
Clutton-Brok, T.H. and Iason, G.R., Sex Ratio Variation in Mammals, Q. Rev. Biol., 1986, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 339–374.
Evsikov, V.I., Gerlinskaya, L.A., Moshkin, M.P., Osetrova, T.D., and Potapov, M.A., Genetic-Physiological Relationship between Mother and Fetus and the Effect of These Relations on Adaptive Characteristics of the Offspring, Russ. J. Dev. Biol., 1998, vol. 29, no. 6, pp. 405–417.
Geodakyan, V.A. and Geodakyan, S.V., Is There a Negative Feedback in Sex Determination?, Zh. Obshch. Biol., 1985, vol. 46, no. 2, pp. 201–216.
Glotov, N.V., Assessment of Genetic Heterogeneity of Natural Populations: Quantitative Traits, Ekologiya, 1983, no. 1, pp. 3–10.
Grigorkina, E.B., Ecological Analysis of Radioresistance in Rodents, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Yekaterinburg: Inst. Plant Anum Ecol., Ural Branch, Ross. Acad. Sci., 1998.
Grigorkina, E.B., Olenev, G.V., and Modorov, M.V., Analysis of Rodent Populations in Technogenically Transformed Areas (with Reference to Apodemus (S.) uralensis from the EURT Zone), Russ. J. Ecol., 2008, no. 4, pp. 284–291.
Gromov, V.S., Prostranstvenno-etologicheskaya struktura populyatsii gryzunov (Spatial-Ethological Structure of Rodent Populations), Moscow: KMK, 2008.
Gur, H. and Barlas, N., Sex Ratio of a Population of Anatolian Ground Squirrels Spermophilus xanthoprymnus in Central Anatolia, Turkey, Acta Theriol., 2006, vol. 51, no. 1, pp. 61–67.
Hoffmann, I.E., Millesi, E., Huber, S., et al., Population Dynamics of European Ground Squirrels (Spermophilus citellus) in a Suburban Area, J. Mammal., 2003, vol. 84, pp. 615–626.
Karaseva, E.V. and Il’enko, A.I., Some Biological Features of the Root Vole As Studies by the Mark-Recapture Method, in Materialy po gryzunam. Fauna i ekologiya gryzunov (Materials on Rodents: Fauna and Ecology), Moscow: Mosk. Gos. Univ., 1957, no. 5, pp. 171–185.
Kock, L.L. and Rohn, J., Observation on the Use of Exercise-Wheel in the Relation to the Social Rank and Hormonal Conditions in the Bank Vole (Clethrionomys glareolus) and Norway Lemming (Lemmus lemmus), Z. Tierpsychol., 1971, vol. 29, pp. 180–187.
Kozlov, A.N., The Biology of the Norway Rat in Northern Kazakhstan Regions of Virgin Land Development, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Sverdlovsk: Inst. Plant Anim. Ecol., Ural. Sci. Center, USSR Acad. Sci., 1980.
Kryazhimskii, F.V. and Bol’shakov, V.N., Functional-Ecological Role of Biological Diversity in Populations and Communities, Russ. J. Ekol., 2008, no. 6, pp. 383–389.
Kubantsev, B.S., On the Sex Composition of Mammal Populations, Zh. Obshch. Biol., 1972, vol. 33, no. 2, pp. 196–204.
Maklakov, K.V., Olenev, G.V., and Kryazhimskii, F.V., Types of Ontogeny and Territorial Distribution of Small Rodents, Russ. J. Ecol., 2004, no. 5, pp. 324–331.
Nazarova, G.G. and Evsikov, V.I., Effect of Metabolic Resources during Pregnancy in the Water Vole (Arvicola terrestris) on Sex Ratio in the Progeny, Zool. Zh., 2004, vol. 83, no. 12, pp. 1488–1494.
Nikitina, N.A., Results of Mark-Recapture Studies on Small Mammals in the Komi Republic, Byul. Mosk. O-va Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Biol., 1961, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 15–25.
Novakova, M., Vasakova, B., Kutalova, H., Charvatova, V., Galestokova, K., et al., Secondary Sex Ratios Do Not Support Maternal Manipulation: Extensive Data from Laboratory Colonies of Spiny Mice (Muridae: Acomys), Rodents et Spatium: Proc. 10th Int. Conf. on Rodent Biology, Parma, Italy, Hystrix Ital. J. Mammal., 2006, Suppl., p. 97.
Novikov, E.A., Petrovskii, D.V., and Moshkin, M.P., Specific Features of Population Structure of the Northern Mole Vole at the Northeastern Periphery of the Species Range, Sib. Ekol. Zh., 2007, no. 4, pp. 669–676.
Okulova, N.M., Aristova, V.A., and Koshkina, T.V., Effect of Population Density on the Size of Individual Home Ranges of Small Rodents in the Taiga Zone of Western Siberia, Zool. Zh., 1971, vol. 50, no. 6, pp. 908–915.
Olenev, G.V., Dynamics of the Generation Structure of Bank Vole Populations at Phases of Population Decline and Growth, in Populyatsionnye mekhanizmy dinamiki chislennosti zhivotnykh (Population Mechanisms of the Dynamics of Animal Abundance), Tr. Inst. Ekol. Rast. Zhivotn., Ural. Nauchn. Tsentr Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1979, no. 126, pp. 23–32.
Olenev, G.V., Population Mechanisms of Adaptation to Extreme Environmental Factors: The Example of the Bank Vole, Zh. Obshch. Biol., 1981, no. 4, pp. 506–511.
Olenev, G.V., Specific Features of Age Structure, Its Changes, and Their Role in Population Dynamics of Some Rodent Species, in Dinamika populyatsionnoi struktury mlekopitayushchikh i amfibii (Dynamics of Population Structure in Mammals and Amphibians), Sverdlovsk: Ural. Nauchn. Tsentr, Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1982, pp. 9–23.
Olenev, G.V., Alternative Types of Ontogeny in Cyclomorphic Rodents and Their Role in Population Dynamics: An Ecological Analysis, Russ. J. Ekol., 2002, no. 5, pp. 321–330.
Olenev, G.V., A Functional-Ontogenetic Approach to Studies on Populations of Cyclomorphic Mammals, Extended Abstract of Doctoral (Biol.) Dissertation, Yekaterinburg: Inst. Plant Anim. Ecol., Ural. Branch, Russ. Acad. Sci., 2004.
Olenev, G.V. and Grigorkina, E.B., Sex Ratio: On the Analysis of Zoological Materials in Radioecological Studies, in Problemy radioekologii i pogranichnykh distsiplin (Problems in Radioecology and Bordering Scientific Fields), Yekaterinburg: Ural. Gos. Univ., 2009, no. 12, pp. 328–367.
Olenev, G.V. and Kolcheva, N.E., Chronographic Variation in the Composition and Abundance of Murine Rodents in the Il’men Nature Reserve, Vestn. Orenburg. Gos. Univ., 2007, no. 75, part 2, pp. 252–257.
Osipova, O.V., Interspecific Behavioral Relationships between Bank and Northern Red-Backed Voles, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Biol.) Dissertation, Moscow: Inst. Ecol. Evol., Russ. Akad. Sci., 1993.
Polyakov, I.Ya., On the Theory of Prediction of Small Rodent Abundance, Zh. Obshch. Biol., 1954, vol. 15, no. 2, pp. 91–108.
Severtsov, A.S., Teoriya evolyutsii: uchebnik dlya vuzov (The Theory of Evolution: A Textbook for Higher Educational Institutions), Moscow: VLADOS, 2004.
Severtsov, S.A., Dinamika naseleniya i prisposobitel’naya evolyutsiya zhivotnykh (Population Dynamics and Adaptive Evolution of Animals), Moscow, 1941.
Shilov, I.A., Experience in Physiological Assessment of Certain Forms of Intrapopulation Relationships in Small Rodents, Byul. Mosk. O-va Ispyt. Prir., Otd. Biol., 1972, vol. 77, no. 3, pp. 21–30.
Shlyapnikova, M.S. and Gileva, E.A., Variability of Sex Ratio in a Laboratory Colony of Large-Toothed Red-Backed Voles and the Trivers-Willard Hypothesis, Ekologiya, 1990, no. 5, pp. 73–79.
Shvarts, S.S., Evolutionary Ecology of Animals, in Ekologicheskie mekhanizmy evolyutsionnogo protsessa (Ecological Mechanisms of the Evolutionary Process), Sverdlovsk: Ural. Fil. Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1969.
Vandenberg, J.G., Coordination of Social Signals and Ovarian Function during Sexual Development, J. Anim. Sci., 1989, vol. 67, pp. 1841–1847.
Vitala, J., Social Organization in Cyclic Subarctic Population of the Voles Clethrionomys rufocanus (Sund.) and Microtus agrestis (L.), Ann. Zool. Fennici, 1977, vol. 14, pp. 53–93.
Zielinski, W.J. and Vandenberg, J.G., Effect of Intrauterine Position and Social Density on the Age of First Reproduction in Wild-Type Female House Mice (Mus musculus), J. Comp. Psychol., 1991, vol. 105, no. 2, pp. 134–139.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © G.V. Olenev, E.B. Grigorkina, 2011, published in Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 2011, No. 1, pp. 45–58.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Olenev, G.V., Grigorkina, E.B. Dynamics of sex ratio in populations of cyclomorphic mammals (rodentia, cricetidae, muridae). Biol Bull Russ Acad Sci 38, 797–808 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359011080048
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1062359011080048