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Optimization of the Conditions of Analysis of Exhaled Air by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for the Noninvasive Diagnostics of Lung Cancer

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Abstract

We optimized procedures for the collection, preparation, and storage of samples of exhaled air and the conditions for determining volatile organic compounds in exhaled air by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS), the presence or change in the concentration of which can be caused by lung cancer. The analysis circuit includes group adsorption preconcentration followed by the thermal desorption and determination of analytes by GC–MS. Polymer bags of a Tedlar® film were used for sample collection. The conditions and periods of the storage of samples in bags and adsorption tubes are determined. A method for cleaning and conditioning bags is proposed. For preconcentrating exhaled air components, we used hydrophobic adsorbents (Porapak™ P, Porapak™ Q, and Tenax® TA) and three-section tubes containing Tenax® GR, Carbopack™ B, and Carbosieve® S-III. Their relative efficiency was evaluated by assessing the residual background of gas emission from the adsorbent, the magnitude of the analytical signal, the efficiency of adsorption/desorption, and the efficiency of storage. The conditions for the preconcentration of volatile organic compounds (volume and rate of aspiration, time, and temperature of thermal desorption) are optimized. The main volatile organic compounds in the exhaled air of conditionally healthy volunteers were identified, and their concentrations are evaluated.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The studies were carried out using the equipment of the Scientific Park of St. Petersburg State University “Methods of Analysis of the Composition of Substance” and Resource Educational Center in the field of “Chemistry.”

Funding

This work was supported by the St. Petersburg State University, project no. 12.40.536.2017.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Chemistry, St. Petersburg State University, 198504, St. Petersburg, Russia

    I. S. Gorbunov, A. R. Gubal’, A. A. Ganeev, O. V. Rodinkov, L. A. Kartsova & E. A. Bessonova

  2. Institute of Toxicology, Federal Medical-Biological Agency, 192019, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. A. Ganeev

  3. Petrov National Oncology Medical Research Center, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 197758, St. Petersburg, Russia

    A. I. Arsen’ev & A. O. Nefedov

  4. Pasteur Research Institute of Epidemiology and Microbiology, 197101, St. Petersburg, Russia

    L. A. Kraeva

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  1. I. S. Gorbunov
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  2. A. R. Gubal’
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  3. A. A. Ganeev
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  4. O. V. Rodinkov
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  5. L. A. Kartsova
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  6. E. A. Bessonova
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  7. A. I. Arsen’ev
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  8. A. O. Nefedov
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Correspondence to I. S. Gorbunov.

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Statement of compliance with standards of research involving humans as subjects. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. Informed consent was obtained from all individual participants involved in the study.

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Translated by O. Zhukova

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Gorbunov, I.S., Gubal’, A.R., Ganeev, A.A. et al. Optimization of the Conditions of Analysis of Exhaled Air by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry for the Noninvasive Diagnostics of Lung Cancer. J Anal Chem 74, 1148–1158 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934819110042

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1061934819110042

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