Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Applicability of Nanoparticle Coating in Bone Density Evaluation Using Gaussian-Weighted Linear Frequency-Modulated Thermal Wave Imaging

  • THERMAL METHODS
  • Published:
Russian Journal of Nondestructive Testing Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Active infrared thermography (IRT) helps address the constraints of conventional bone density diagnostic tactics, such as various bones requiring different testing methods, unilateral diagnosis, radiation exposure, testing duration, etc. Although active IRT provides promising diagnostic outcomes, it has limited depth penetration into the body, resulting in limited resolution. Despite the fact that numerous post-processing techniques are utilized to boost the intensity penetration of modulated thermal excitation, it is by no means restricted. Consequently, we tend to employ a nanoparticle coating approach in this study. We have coated iron oxide and titanium oxide nanoparticles with two promising excitations, linear frequency modulated (LFM) and Gaussian-weighted linear frequency- modulated (GWLFM). This research aimed to determine the effect of nanoparticle coating in conjunction with GWLFM as it offers increased compression qualities, sensitivity, and resolution. This is accomplished by constructing bone LFM models with varying bone densities and forms. As in the current study, nanoparticles and GWLFM are utilized to attain high depth resolution. Using signal-to-noise ratio, we evaluated diverse coating outcomes with LFM and GWLFM (SNR). In conjunction with GWLFM, titanium- and iron-based nanoparticle coatings are capable of enhancing the depth penetration for bone density measurement, according to our analysis.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Nair, L.S. and Laurencin, C.T., Polymers as biomaterials for tissue engineering and controlled drug delivery, Adv. Biochem. Eng. Biotechnol., 2006, vol. 102, pp. 47–90. https://doi.org/10.1007/b13724

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Hench, L.L., Biomaterials: A forecast for the future, Biomaterials, 1998, vol. 19, no. 16, pp. 1419–1423. https://doi.org/10.1016/s0142-9612(98)00133-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Nassar, E.J., et al., Biomaterials and sol–gel process: A methodology for the preparation of functional materials, in: Biomaterials Science and Engineering, Pignatello, R., Ed., London: IntechOpen, 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Agrawal, C. M., Reconstructing the human body using biomaterials, J. Med., 1998, vol. 50, no. 1, pp. 31–35. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-998-0064-5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Bronzino, J.D., The Biomedical Engineering Handbook, Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2000, 2nd Ed.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Yoruc, A.B.H. and Sener, B.C., Biomaterials, in: A Roadmap of Biomedical Engineers and Milestones, Kara, S., Ed., 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Campoccia, D., Montanaro, L., and Arciola, C.R., A review of the biomaterials technologies for infection-resistant surfaces, Biomaterials, 2013, vol. 34 (34), pp. 8533–8554. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biomaterials.2013.07.089

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Chaloupka, K., Malam, Y., and Seifalian, A.M., Nanosilver as a new generation of nanoproduct in biomedical applications, Trends Biotechnol., 2010, vol. 28, no. 11, pp. 580–588. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tibtech.2010.07.006

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Adedoyin, A.A. and Ekenseair, A.K., Biomedical applications of magnetoresponsive scaffolds, Nano Res., 2018, vol. 11, no. 10, pp. 5049–5064. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12274-018-2198-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Maldague, X.P.V., Theory and Practice of Infrared Technology for Nondestructive Testing, Hoboken: Wiley, 2001.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Ringermacher, H.I., et al., Flash quenching for high resolution thermal depth imaging, Proc. AIP, 2004, vol. 700, pp. 477–481.

  12. Djupkep, F.B.D., Maldague, X., Bendada, A., and Bison, P., Analysis of a new method of measurement and visualization of indoor conditions by infrared thermography, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2013, vol. 84, no. 8, p. 084906. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4818919

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Nayak, S., Edwards, D.L., Saleh, A.A., and Greenspan, S.L., Systematic review and meta-analysis of the performance of clinical risk assessment instruments for screening for osteoporosis or low bone density, Osteoporosis Int., 2015, vol. 26, no. 5, pp. 1543–1554. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00198-015-3025-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Dua, G. and Mulaveesala, R., Infrared thermography for detection and evaluation of bone density variations by non-stationary thermal wave imaging, Biomed. Phys. Eng. Express, 2017, vol. 3, no. 1, p. 017006. https://doi.org/10.1088/2057-1976/aa5b4d

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Sharma, A., Mulaveesala, R., Dua, G., and Kumar, N., Linear frequency modulated thermal wave imaging for estimation of osteoporosis: An analytical approach, Electron. Lett., 2020, vol. 56, no. 19, pp. 1007–1010. https://doi.org/10.1049/el.2020.0671

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. Feng, L., et al., Lock-in thermography and its application in nondestructive evaluation, Infrared Laser Eng., 2010, vol. 39, pp. 1121–1123.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Almond, D.P. and Pickering, S.G., An analytical study of the pulsed thermography defect detection limit, J. Appl. Phys., 2012, vol. 1, p. 093510.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Levy, A., Dayan, A., Ben-David, M., and Gannot, I., A new thermography-based approach to early detection of cancer utilizing magnetic nanoparticles theory simulation and in vitro validation, Nanomed. Nanotechnol. Biol. Med., 2010, vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 786–796. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nano.2010.06.007

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Ohashi, Y. and Uchida, I., Applying dynamic thermography in the diagnosis of breast cancer, IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Mag. Quarterly Mag. Eng. Med. Biol. Soc., 2000, vol. 19, no. 3, pp. 42–51. https://doi.org/10.1109/51.844379

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Raverkar, P., Siddiqui, J. A., Kulkarni, A., and Mulaveesala, R., Corrosion detection in mild steel using effective post-processing technique for modulated thermal imaging: A numerical study, IEEE Int. Conf. Technol. Res. Innovation Betterment Soc. (TRIBES), Raipur, 2021, pp. 1–4.

  21. Mulaveesala, R. and Ghali, V.S., Cross-correlation based approach for thermal nondestructive characterization of carbon fiber reinforced plastics, Insight Nondestr. Test. Cond. Monit., 2011, vol. 53, no. 1, pp. 34–36. https://doi.org/10.1784/insi.2011.53.1.34

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Ghali, V.S., Jonnalagadda, N., and Mulaveesala, R., Three dimensional pulse compression for infrared nondestructive testing, IEEE Sens. J., 2009, vol. 9, no. 7, pp. 832–833. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2009.2024042

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Siddiqui, J.A., et al., Modelling of the frequency modulated thermal wave imaging process through the finite element method for nondestructive testing of a mild steel sample, Insight Nondestr. Test. Cond. Monit., 2015, vol. 57, pp. 266–268.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Mulaveesala, R., Vaddi, J.S., and Singh, P., Pulse compression approach to infrared nondestructive characterization, Rev. Sci. Instrum., 2008, vol. 79, no. 9, p. 094901. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2976673

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Dua, G., Mulaveesala, R., and Siddique, J.A., Effect of spectral shaping on defect detection in frequency modulated thermal wave imaging, J. Opt., 2015, vol. 17, no. 2, pp. 1–5. https://doi.org/10.1088/2040-8978/17/2/025604

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Sharma, A., Mulaveesala, R., and Arora, V., Novel analytical approach for estimation of thermal diffusivity and effusivity for detection of osteoporosis, IEEE Sens. J., 2020, vol. 20, no. 11, pp. 6046–6054. https://doi.org/10.1109/JSEN.2020.2973233

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Davidson, S.R.H., Heat transfer in bone during drilling, Science Thesis, University of Toronto, 1999.

  28. Zhang, L., Yu, W., Zhu, D., Xie, H., and Huang, G., Enhanced thermal conductivity for nanofluids containing silver nanowires with different shapes, J. Nanomater., 2017, pp. 1–6. https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5802016

  29. Mulaveesala, R. and Tuli, S., Theory of frequency modulated thermal wave imaging for nondestructive subsurface defect detection, Appl. Phys. Lett., 2006, vol. 89, no. 19, p. 191913. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2382738

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Arora, V. and Mulaveesala, R., Pulse compression with Gaussian weighted chirp modulated excitation for infrared thermal wave imaging, Prog. Electromagn. Res. Lett., 2014, vol. 44, pp. 133–137. https://doi.org/10.2528/PIERL13111301

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Electronics, Medi-Caps University Indore, Indore, India

    Sancita Dass & Juned A Siddiqui

  2. Centre for Sensors, Instrumentation and Cyber Physical System Engineering (SeNSE), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Delhi, India

    Ravibabu Mulaveesala

Authors
  1. Sancita Dass
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Juned A Siddiqui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Ravibabu Mulaveesala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Sancita Dass, Juned A Siddiqui or Ravibabu Mulaveesala.

Ethics declarations

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Dass, S., Siddiqui, J.A. & Mulaveesala, R. Applicability of Nanoparticle Coating in Bone Density Evaluation Using Gaussian-Weighted Linear Frequency-Modulated Thermal Wave Imaging. Russ J Nondestruct Test 59, 228–239 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S106183092260109X

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S106183092260109X

Keywords:

Search

Navigation