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Influence of Pulsed Flows of Deuterium Ions and Deuterium Plasma on Cu–Ni and Cu–Ni–Ga Alloys

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Abstract

Experiments on the irradiation of Cu–4 wt % Ni and Cu–4 wt % Ni–10 wt % Ga copper alloys by high-power pulsed flows of deuterium plasma and deuterium ions are carried out in the Plasma Focus PF-1000 installation. The alloys are irradiated in two modes: the hard mode of combined action of deuterium plasma flows at qpl = 108–109 W/cm2, τpl = 100 ns and deuterium ions at qi = 109–1010 W/cm2, τi = 50 ns and also in more soft conditions: the Cu–4 wt % Ni alloy is irradiated with a deuterium plasma flow at a power density of qi = 2 × 107 W/cm2 and pulse duration of τpl = 100 ns; the Cu–4 wt % Ni–10 wt % Ga alloy, at qpl = 5 ×107–108 W/cm2 and qi = 108–109 W/cm2 and the same values of the pulse duration. The nature of the damage for Cu–4 wt % Ni and Cu–4 wt % Ni–10 wt % Ga alloys in the irradiation modes implemented is approximately the same and is determined by the wavy surface relief, the presence of craters, micropores, droplet-like fragments, and the absence of microcracks. Unlike the Cu–4 wt % Ni alloy, the surface structure of the Cu–4 wt % Ni–10 wt % Ga copper alloys has, after irradiation, a cellular or cellular–dendritic character. The parameters of the formation of such a structure depend on the regime of pulsed irradiation of the sample target and the conditions of subsequent directed crystallization of the molten surface layer. The formation of this structure is also significantly affected by alloying of the binary copper–nickel alloy with a third element (gallium) and probably the dendritic structure of the alloy in the initial state of the alloys. Plastic deformation is observed in the surface layer of each of the studied alloys after exposure to the flows of deuterium plasma and deuterium ions, which proceed by the sliding mechanism along the planes of the densest packing {111}, typical of materials with a face-centered cubic (fcc) lattice. The ductile copper Cu–Ni and Cu–Ni–Ga alloys under study, as well as the Cu–10 wt % Ga alloy studied previously, exhibit very high crack resistance to the effects of high-power pulsed radiation-thermal loads generated in a Plasma Focus PF-1000 installation, as compared to the refractory metals W, Mo, and V.

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Funding

This work was performed in the framework of task no. 075-00947-20-00.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Baikov Institute of Metallurgy and Materials Science, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334, Moscow, Russia

    V. N. Pimenov, I. V. Borovitskaya, V. A. Gribkov, A. S. Demin, N. A. Epifanov, S. A. Maslyaev, E. V. Morozov & I. P. Sasinovskaya

  2. National Research University Higher School of Economics, 101000, Moscow, Russia

    N. A. Epifanov & G. G. Bondarenko

  3. Scientific Research Institute of Advanced Materials and Technologies, 115054, Moscow, Russia

    G. G. Bondarenko & A. I. Gaydar

  4. Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, 01-497, Warsaw, Poland

    M. Paduch

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  1. V. N. Pimenov
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  2. I. V. Borovitskaya
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Correspondence to V. N. Pimenov or I. V. Borovitskaya.

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Translated by Yu. Ryzhkov

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Pimenov, V.N., Borovitskaya, I.V., Gribkov, V.A. et al. Influence of Pulsed Flows of Deuterium Ions and Deuterium Plasma on Cu–Ni and Cu–Ni–Ga Alloys. J. Surf. Investig. 16, 33–41 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1027451022010153

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