Abstract
The average crosswind and intensity of atmospheric turbulence are simultaneously estimated by the classical laser scintillation method and by the passive optical method from the analysis of the light scattered by natural or man-made topographic objects in the natural daylight illumination conditions. The passive sensing method does not require artificial light sources, and consists in the formation of incoherent images of sunlit topographic objects and in the analysis of images’ distortions induced by the turbulence between the object and the image plane. Estimates of the integral average crosswind and the structural constant of the air refractive index are compared in atmospheric experiments on the same optical measurement path by both methods. Comparison with lidar data is made. The optical measurements of integral characteristics were accompanied by independent local acoustic measurements using an ultrasonic anemometer.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
I. N. Smalikho and V. A. Banakh, “Estimation of aircraft wake vortex parameters from data measured with 1.5 µm coherent Doppler lidar,” Opt. Lett. 40 14, 3408–3411 (2015).
I. N. Smalikho, V. A. Banakh, F. Holzäpfel, and S. Rahm, “Method of radial velocities for the estimation of aircraft wake vortex parameters from data measured by coherent Doppler lidar,” Opt. Express 23 (19), A1194–A1207 (2015).
V. A. Banakh, I. N. Smalikho, and A. V. Falits, “Lidar investigation of the atmospheric boundary layer dynamics in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal,” Proc. SPIE—Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 9680, 968039-1–968039-5 (2015).
I. N. Smalikho and V. A. Banakh, “Estimation of aircraft wake vortex parameters from data measured by a stream line lidar,” Proc. SPIE—Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 9680, 968037-1–968037-7 (2015).
I. N. Smalikho, V. A. Banakh, F. Holzäpfel, and S. Rahm, “Estimation of aircraft wake vortex parameters from array of radial velocities measured by a coherent Doppler lidar,” Opt. Atmos. Okeana 28 8, 742–750 (2015).
V. A. Banakh and I. N. Smalikho, “Aircraft wake vortex parametrization based on 1.5 µm coherent Doppler lidar data,” in Abstracts of the 27th Int. Laser Radar Conf. 5–10 July, 2015, New York, USA, pp. PS-B2.0201–PS-B2.0204.
V. A. Banakh, I. N. Smalikho, and S. Rahm, “Estimation of refractive index structure characteristic of air from coherent Doppler wind lidar data,” Opt. Lett. 39 15, 4321–4324 (2014).
V. A. Banakh, I. N. Smalikho, and S. Rahm, “Determination of the optical turbulence intensity from data measured by a coherent Doppler lidar,” Proc. SPIE—Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 9292 (2014). doi 10.1117/12.2074238
R. S. Lawrence, G. R. Ochs, and S. F. Clifford, “Use of scintillations to measure average wind across a light beam,” Appl. Opt. 11 2, 239–243 (1972).
T.-I. Wang, G. R. Ochs, and S. Lawrence, “Wind measurements by the temporal cross-correlation of the optical scintillations,” Appl. Opt. 20 23, 4073–4081 (1981).
A. L. Afanas’ev, V. A. Banakh, and A. P. Rostov, “Estimate of wind velocity in the atmosphere based on analysis of turbulent distortions of laser beam images registered by video camera,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 24 1, 88–94 (2011).
J. Shapira, O. Porat, M. Livneh, Z. Wies, D. Heflinger, S. Fastig, Y. Glik, and A. Engel, “Atmospheric cross wind and turbulence measurements using turbulenceinduced scintillations,” Proc. SPIE 7684, 7684L1-1–7684L1-11 (2010).
BLS2000 Large Aperture Scintillometer for Very Long Paths. http://www.scintec.com.
M. B. Roopashree, Vyas Akondi, and Prasad B. Raghavendra, “A review of atmospheric wind speed measurement techniques with Shack Hartmann wavefront imaging sensor in adaptive optics,” J. Indian Inst. Sci. 93 1, 67–84 (2013).
A. Peskoff, “Theory for remote sensing of wind-velocity profiles,” Proc. IEEE 59, 324 (1971).
V. A. Banakh and D. A. Marakasov, “Wind profling based on the optical beam intensity statistics in a turbulent atmosphere,” J. Opt. Soc. Amer., A 24 10, 3245–3254 (2007).
V. A. Banakh and D. A. Marakasov, “Wind profile recovery from intensity fluctuations of a laser beam reflected in a turbulent atmosphere,” Quantum Electron. 38 4, 404–408 (2008).
A. L. Afanas’ev, V. A. Banakh, and A. P. Rostov, “Wavelet profiling of wind velocity using intensity fluctuations of laser beam propagating in the atmosphere,” Opt. Spectrosc. 105 4, 698–705 (2008).
S. F. Clifford, G. R. Ochs, and T.-I. Wang, “Optical wind sensing by observing the scintillations of a random scene,” Appl. Opt. 14 12, 2844–2850 (1975).
D. L. Walters, “Passive remote crosswind sensor,” Appl. Opt. 16 10, 2625–2626 (1977).
M. F. Stell, C. L. Moore, H. R. Burris, M. R. Suite, M. J. Vilchec, M. A. Davis, R. Mahon, E. Oh, W. S. Rabinovich, G. C. Gilbreath, W. J. Scharpf, and A. E. Reed, “Passive optical monitor for atmospheric turbulence and windspeed,” Proc. SPIE—Int. Soc. Opt. Eng. 5160, 422–431 (2004).
O. Porat and J. Shapira, “Crosswind sensing from optical- turbulence-induced fluctuations measured by a video camera,” Appl. Opt. 49 28, 5236–5244 (2010).
V. I. Tatarskii, Wave Propagation in a Turbulent Atmosphere (Nauka, Moscow, 1967) [in Russian].
A. S. Gurvich, A. I. Kon, V. L. Mironov, and S. S. Khmelevtsov, Laser Radiation in a Turbulent Atmosphere (Nauka, Moscow, 1976) [in Russian].
V. E. Zuev, V. A. Banakh, and V. V. Pokasov, Optics of a Turbulent Atmosphere (Gidrometeoizdat, Leningrad, 1988) [in Russian].
A. P. Rostov, A. P. Ivanov, and A. L. Afanas’ev, “Experimental comparison of a path optical airflow meter with an array of ultrasonic sensors in the surface air layer,” in Abstracts of the IX Intern. Symp. “Atmospheric and Ocean Optics. Atmospheric Physics” (Publishing House of IAO SB RAS, Tomsk, 2002) [in Russian].
A. P. Rostov, “Ultrasonic anemometer-thermometer for measurements of turbulent parameters in the surface air layer,” Nauka Proizvodstvu, No. 9, 44–48 (2003).
V. A. Banakh, I. N. Smalikho, A. V. Falits, B. D. Belan, M. Yu. Arshinov, and P. N. Antokhin, “Joint radiosonde and Doppler lidar measurements of wind in the atmospheric boundary layer,” Atmos. Ocean. Opt. 28 2, 185–191 (2015).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.L. Afanasiev, V.A. Banakh, A.P. Rostov, 2016, published in Optika Atmosfery i Okeana.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Afanasiev, A.L., Banakh, V.A. & Rostov, A.P. Estimation of the integral wind velocity and turbulence in the atmosphere from distortions of optical images of naturally illuminated objects. Atmos Ocean Opt 29, 422–430 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S102485601605002X
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S102485601605002X