Skip to main content
Log in

Electrode Potentials of Bismuth in a Mixture of Potassium and Lead Chlorides

  • Published:
Russian Journal of Electrochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The equilibrium potentials of Bi in a KCl–PbCl2–BiCl3 melt were measured by the EMF method at different temperatures and bismuth chloride contents. Empirical equations of isotherms and polytherms of the equilibrium potentials of bismuth were obtained. The conventional standard potentials of Bi in a molten mixture of potassium and lead chlorides were calculated. The changes in the Gibbs energy during the formation of bismuth trichloride from the elements in the melt were calculated. The coefficients of metal separation from alloys were estimated. The results indicate that it is promising to develop a technology for electrolytic processing of secondary raw materials for separating lead and bismuth in chloride melts.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Boyd, S. and Taylor, C., https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-08-101126-3.00003-8

  2. Omel’chuk, A.A., Electrorefining of heavy nonferrous metals in molten electrolytes, Russ. J. Electrochem., 2010, vol. 46, p. 680.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Omel’chuk, A.A., Thin-layered electrolysis in molten electrolytes, Russ. J. Electrochem., 2007, vol. 43, p. 1060.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Arkhipov, P., Zaykov, Yu., Khalimullina, Yu., and Kholkina, A., Electrolytic refining of lead molten chloride electrolytes, Int. J. Technol., 2017, vol. 8, p. 572.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Arkhipov, P.A., Zaykov, Yu.P., and Khalimullina, Yu.R., Elektrolizer dlya tonkosloinogo rafinirovaniya svintsa v solevykh rasplavakh (Electrolyzer for Thin Layer Metallic Lead Electrolytic Refining), RF Patent 2522920, 2014.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Morachevskiy, A.G., Fiziko-khimiya retsiklinga svintsa (Physical Chemistry of Lead Recycling), St. Petersburg: St. Peterb. Politekhn. Univ., 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bredikhin, V.N., Manyak, N.A., and Kaftanenko, A.Ya., Svinets vtorichnyi (Secondary Lead), Donetsk: Don. Nats. Tekhn. Univ., 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Laitinen, H.A. and Lui, C.H., An electromotive force series in molten lithium chloride-potassium chloride eutectic, J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1958, vol. 80, p. 1015.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Baraboshkin, A.N., Elektrokristallizatsiya metallov iz rasplavlennykh solei (Electrocrystallization of Metals from Molten Salts), Moscow: Nauka, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Delimarskiy, Yu.K. and Markov, B.F., Elektrokhimiya rasplavlennykh solei (Electrochemistry of Molten Salts), Moscow: Metallurgizdat, 1960.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Delimarskiy, Yu.K., and Zarubitskiy, O.G., Elektroliticheskoe rafinirovanie tyazhelykh metallov v ionnykh rasplavakh (Electrolytic Refining of Heavy Metals in Ionic Melts), Moscow: Metallurgy, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Smirnov, M.V. Elektrodnye potentsialy v rasplavlennykh khloridakh (Electrode Potentials in Chloride Melts), Moscow: Nauka, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Rabinovich, V.A. and Khavin, Z.Ya., Kratkii khimicheskii spravochnik (A Concise Handbook on Chemistry), Leningrad: Khimiya, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Khalimullina, Yu.R., Zaikov, Yu.P., Arkhipov, P.A., Ashikhin, V.V., Skopov, G.V., Kholkina, A.S., and Molchanova, N.G., Thermodynamic characteristics of the Pb–Bi alloys in the KCl–PbCl2 Melt, Russ. J. Nonferrous Met., 2011, vol. 52, p. 197.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Lebedev, V.A., Izbiratel’nost’ zhidkometallicheskikh elektrodov v rasplavlennykh galogenidakh (Selectivity of Liquid Metal Electrodes in Molten Halides), Chelyabinsk: Metallurgiya, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Lantratov, M.F. and Alabyshev, A.F., Activity of lead chloride in solutions with alkali and alkali-earth metal chlorides, Russ. J. Appl. Chem., 1953, vol. 26, no. 3, p. 263.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to P. A. Arkhipov.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © P.A. Arkhipov, A.S. Kholkina, Yu.P. Zaikov, N.G. Molchanova, 2018, published in Elektrokhimiya, 2018, Vol. 54, No. 9, pp. 774–778.

Published on the basis of materials of the First International Conference on Intelligent Technologies in Power Engineering, Yekaterinburg, 2017.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Arkhipov, P.A., Kholkina, A.S., Zaikov, Y.P. et al. Electrode Potentials of Bismuth in a Mixture of Potassium and Lead Chlorides. Russ J Electrochem 54, 672–675 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193518090021

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193518090021

Keywords

Navigation