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The relation between the potential of zero charge and work function for sp-metals

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Abstract

It is shown that for numerous sp-metals there exists no unified work function (W e) dependence of the potential of zero charge E q = 0 and the potential drop characterizing the metal lyophilic behavior Δ HgM E chem) q = 0. The reason is that the metal work function is by no means the only factor affecting the value of E q = 0. The quantities E q = 0 and (Δ HgM E chem) q = 0 depend also on the distance of the solvent dipoles’ closest approach to metal surfaces (d ms) in the absence of the metal-solvent chemisorption interaction. When the metal-solvent chemisorption interaction is involved, this distance affects the degree of overlapping of the metal’s acceptor levels and the upper occupied donor levels in the solvent molecules. To reliably investigate the effect of any of these factors on E q = 0, the other one should be fixed up. It is shown, by example of Ga-, Bi-Gaand Sn-Ga-electrodes, as well as Pb-Ga-, In-Ga-, and Cd-Ga-electrodes demonstrating very close values of the “electrochemical work function” that the metal-solvent chemisorption interaction becomes stronger with the decreasing of d ms. The influence of this factor is intensified with the increasing of the solvent’s donor number DN. The W e dependence of E q = 0 and (Δ HgM E chem) q = 0 can be traced by example of metals with nearly equal d ms values, e.g., Tl-Ga, In-Ga, and Ga. In all studied solvents, the deviation of E q = 0 from W e increased in the series Tl-Ga < In-Ga < Ga, that is, with the increasing of the metal’s work function in vacuum. The effect is intensified with the increasing of the solvent’s DN. The obtained results agree with the concept of donor-acceptor nature of the metal-solvent chemisorption interaction.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Frumkin Institute of Physical Chemistry and Electrochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii pr. 31, Moscow, 119991, Russia

    V. V. Emets

  2. Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

    B. B. Damaskin

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  1. V. V. Emets
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  2. B. B. Damaskin
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Correspondence to V. V. Emets.

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Original Russian Text © V.V. Emets, B.B. Damaskin, 2009, published in Elektrokhimiya, 2009, Vol. 45, No. 1, pp. 49–61.

The paper is dedicated to the Centenary of B.V. Ershler.

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Emets, V.V., Damaskin, B.B. The relation between the potential of zero charge and work function for sp-metals. Russ J Electrochem 45, 45–57 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1023193509010078

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