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Reconstruction of the Mitochondrial Genome of the Ancient Horse from the Ashna-Pando Hillfort (Middle Volga)

  • ANIMAL GENETICS
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Abstract

Reconstruction of the mitochondrial genome of a horse from the Ashna-Pando hillfort (the Sura River basin, Middle Volga, Ulyanovsk oblast, Russia) was performed using bone remains. It was established that, according to a fragment of the control region (D-loop), the specimen belongs to the B1 haplotype widespread among modern as well as ancient horses of Europe and Asia. However, in accordance with complete mitochondrial genome analysis, the horse is attributed to the M haplogroup that includes different modern breeds, with the Akhal-Teke breed among them. The obtained data make it possible to postulate the steppe origin of the horse. On the basis of our analysis, penetration of the southern horses deep into the broadleaf forest area likely dates to the second or third quarter of the first millennium BC and is probably connected with interactions of the sedentary population of the Sura River region with Scythian nomads.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to A.S. Graphodatsky, N.V. Vorobieva, A.S. Druzhkova, M.A. Kusliy, and V.A. Trifonov (Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk) for comprehensive assistance in conducting research and interpreting the obtained results.

Funding

This study was conducted with support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant no. 18-44-730006.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, 432071, Ulyanovsk, Russia

    E. I. Antonova, A. V. Solovyev, Y. A. Semykin & A. V. Mishchenko

  2. Institute of International Relations, History, and Oriental Studies, Kazan Federal University, 420008, Kazan, Russia

    L. A. Vyazov

Authors
  1. E. I. Antonova
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  2. A. V. Solovyev
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  3. L. A. Vyazov
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  4. Y. A. Semykin
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  5. A. V. Mishchenko
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to E. I. Antonova.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. This article does not contain any studies involving animals or human participants performed by any of the authors.

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Translated by I. Grishina

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Antonova, E.I., Solovyev, A.V., Vyazov, L.A. et al. Reconstruction of the Mitochondrial Genome of the Ancient Horse from the Ashna-Pando Hillfort (Middle Volga). Russ J Genet 55, 598–603 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795419050041

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795419050041

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