Abstract
Comparative polymorphism of the first exon and first intron of the shuttle craft (stc) and Lim3 genes and their putative regulatory 5′-flanking sequences was analyzed using 20 sequenced natural alleles. A comparison of the stc and Lim3 genes showed that the extent of polymorphism was similar in their introns and corresponded to the variation level characteristic of Drosophila melanogaster, while the putative regulatory region and first intron of the stc gene proved to be more variable than the corresponding regions of the Lim3 gene. Since the genes under study occurred on the same chromosomes isolated from one population and were close together in a region having a high recombination rate, the difference in the extent of polymorphism between the regulatory and coding regions was explained by individual characteristics of each gene. The results made it possible to assume that the extent of polymorphism of the coding gene regions is maintained by balancing selection.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Moriyama, E.N. and Powell, J.R., Intraspecific Nuclear DNA Variation in Drosophila, Mol. Biol. Evol., 1996, vol. 13, pp. 261–277.
Hasson, E., Wang, I-N., Zeng, L-W., et al., Nucleotide Variation in the Triosephosphate isomerase (Tpi) Locus of Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans, Mol. Biol. Evol., 1998, vol. 15, pp. 756–769.
Balakirev, E.S. and Ayala, F.J., Nucleotide Variation of the Est-6 Gene Region in Natural Populations of Drosophila melanogaster, Genetics, 2003, vol. 165, pp. 1901–1914.
Genissel, A., Pestinen, T., Dowell, A., et al., No Evidence for an Association between Common Nonsynonymous Polymorphisms in Delta and Bristle Number Variation in Natural and Laboratory Populations of Drosophila melanogaster, Genetics, 2004, vol. 166, pp. 291–306.
Palsson, A., Rouse, A., Riley-Berger, R., et al., Nucleotide Variation in the Egfr Locus of Drosophila melanogaster, Genetics, 2004, vol. 167, pp. 1199–1212.
Labate, J.A., Biermann, C.H., and Eanes, W.F., Nucleotide Variation at the runt Locus in Drosophila melanogaster and Drosophila simulans, Mol. Biol. Evol., 1999, vol. 16, pp. 724–731.
Carbone, M.A., Jordan, K.W., Lyman, R.F., et al., Phenotypic Variation and Natural Selection at Catsup, a Pleiotropic Quantitative Trait Gene in Drosophila, Curr. Biol., 2006, vol. 16, pp. 912–919.
Mackay, T.F.C., Roshina, N.V., Leips, J.W, and Pasyukova, E.G., Complex Genetic Architecture of Drosophila Longevity, Handbook on the Biology of Ageing, Masoro, E. and Austad, S., Eds., Amsterdam, 2005, pp. 181–216.
Pasyukova, E.G., Roshina, N.V., and Mackay, T.F.C., shuttle craft: A Candidate Quantitative Trait Gene for Drosophila Lifespan, Aging Cell, 2004, vol. 3, pp. 297–307.
Roshchina, N.V. and Pasyukova, E.G., Genes Regulating the Development and Functioning of the Nervous System Determine Life Span in Drosophila melanogaster, Russ. J. Genet., 2007, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 275–280.
Stroumbakis, N.D., Li, Z., and Tolias, P.P., A Homolog of Human Transcription Factor NF-X1 Encoded by the Drosophila shuttle craft Gene Is Required in the Embryonic Central Nervous System, Mol. Cell Biol., 1996, vol. 16, pp. 192–201.
Tolias, P.P. and Stroumbakis, N.D., The Drosophila Zygotic Lethal Gene shuttle craft Is Required Maternally for Proper Embryonic Development, Dev. Genes Evol., 1998, vol. 208, pp. 274–282.
Thor, S., Andersson, S.G.E., Tomlinson, A., and Thomas, J.B., A LIM-Homeodomain Combinatorial Code for Motor Neuron Pathway Selection, Nature, 1999, vol. 397, pp. 76–80.
Thor, S. and Thomas, J.B., Motor Neuron Specification in Worms, Flies and Mice: Conserved and “Lost” Mechanisms, Curr. Opinion Gen. Dev., 2002, vol. 12, pp. 558–564.
Mukha, D.V., Sidorenko, A.P., Lazebnaya, I.V., and Zakharov, I.A., Structural Variation of the Ribosomal gene Cluster within the Class Insecta, Russ. J. Genet., 1995, vol. 31, no. 9, pp. 1249–1253.
Tajima, F., Statistical Method for Testing the Neutral Mutation Hypothesis by DNA Polymorphism, Genetics, 1989, vol. 123, pp. 585–595.
Rozas, J. and Rozas, R., DnaSP Version 3: An Integrated Program for Molecular Population Genetics and Molecular Evolution Analysis, Bioinformatics, 1999, vol. 15, pp. 174–175.
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism: Methods and Protocols, vol. 212 of Methods in Molecular Biology, Kwok, P.-J., Ed., Totowa: Human Press, 2003, pp. 6–7.
Fu, Y.-X. and Li, W.-H., Statistical Tests of Neutrality of Mutations, Genetics, 1993, vol. 133, pp. 693–709.
McDonald, J.H. and Kreitman, M., Adaptive Protein Evolution at the Adh Locus in Drosophila, Nature, 1991, vol. 351, pp. 652–654.
Hudson, R.R., Kreitman, M., and Aguade, M., A Test of Neutral Molecular Evolution Based on Nucleotide Data, Genetics, 1987, vol. 116, pp. 153–159.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © A.V. Simonenko, O.Yu. Rybina, E.G. Pasyukova, 2008, published in Genetika, 2008, Vol. 44, No. 9, pp. 1172–1177.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Simonenko, A.V., Rybina, O.Y. & Pasyukova, E.G. Molecular variation of the shuttle craft and Lim3 genes, controlling the development of the nervous system, in a natural Drosophila melanogaster population. Russ J Genet 44, 1020–1024 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795408090020
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S1022795408090020