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Physiological-Biochemical Reactions of Sorghum bicolor to Bacterization and Impact of Pollutants

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Abstract

The physiological and biochemical parameters of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor L. Moench) characterizing the reactions of its 3-week-old seedlings to the presence of biotic (bacterial strain Gordonia sp. N7) and abiotic (nickel and n-hexadecane) factors were studied. Such indicators as plant survival, biomass of roots and shoots, tolerance indices, nickel translocation factor (TF), content of photosynthetic pigments, and spectrum and activity of peroxidases in root exudates were studied. It was shown that the responses of sorghum to the combined influence of stressors differed from those under their individual influence. It was shown that n-hexadecane and bacterization, individually and together, had a stimulating effect on the growth of sorghum biomass. On the contrary, nickel at the studied concentration (20 mg/kg) showed pronounced inhibitory impact on the studied indicators. The combination of the studied components changed some indicators relative to the individual ones, but the toxicity of the metal dominated, significantly leveling the stimulating effect of n-hexadecane and strain N7 on plant growth. However, depending on the state of the photosynthetic apparatus and the activity of peroxidases in root exudates, different plant responses to combined stress were noted. Significant changes occurred in the processes of nickel accumulation in plant organs: in the presence of n-hexadecane and, especially, bacteria, the accumulation of nickel in the aboveground part of sorghum increased and TF increased more than two times. The obtained results provide justification for the feasibility of using the strain Gordonia sp. N7 as a technological method facilitating the process of phytoremediation to extract nickel from contaminated soil using Sorghum bicolor. At the same time, it should be noted that the identified effect should be taken into account in agricultural feed production since it indicates an increase in the contamination of plant products with heavy metal.

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Notes

  1. In these sources, the strain is designated before its reclassification as Rhodococcus ruber N7.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The research used the equipment of the Symbiosis Center for Collective Use of Research Equipment (IBPPM RAS, Saratov). The work was carried out within the framework of the state assignment of the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation for the Saratov Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, topic no. 1022040700974-4.

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This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants and Microorganisms, Saratov Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Russia

    O. V. Turkovskaya, A. D. Bondarenkova, S. N. Golubev, N. N. Pozdnyakova, E. V. Dubrovskaya, I. Yu. Sungurtseva & A. Yu. Muratova

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  1. O. V. Turkovskaya
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  2. A. D. Bondarenkova
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Correspondence to O. V. Turkovskaya.

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Abbreviations: ABTS—2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acids) diammonium salt; DAF—2.7-diaminofluorene; TI—tolerance index; STI—shoot tolerance index; RTI—root tolerance index; TIB—tolerance index total biomass; ODA—o‑dianisidine; TF—translocation factor; PGP—plant-growth promoting (plant growth stimulating); PGPR—plant-growth promoting rhizobacteria (rhizobacteria stimulating plant growth).

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Turkovskaya, O.V., Bondarenkova, A.D., Golubev, S.N. et al. Physiological-Biochemical Reactions of Sorghum bicolor to Bacterization and Impact of Pollutants. Russ J Plant Physiol 71, 32 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S1021443724604257

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