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Growth responses of Sagittaria sagittifolia L. plants to water contamination with cadmium

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Abstract

Cadmium accumulation, the relative content of different chemical forms of Cd, as well as the toxic effect of Cd on nutrient element uptake, physiological parameters, and ultrastructure of Sagittaria sagittifolia L. seedlings were determined after the seedlings were exposed to different Cd concentrations for 4 days. The results showed that S. sagittifolia had the ability to accumulate large amounts of Cd. In the root, stem, and bulb, the predominant chemical Cd forms were NaCl extractable. With an increase in the Cd2+ concentration, the chlorophyll content, the relative membrane penetrability (RMP) of root cells, peroxidase (POD) activity, superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in leaves, malondiadehyde (MDA) content and the superoxide anion (O −2 ) generation rate in roots all decreased following an initial increase. On the other hand, catalase (CAT) activity, SOD activity in roots, MDA content, and the generation rate of O −2 in leaves all increased gradually. The toxic effect of Cd2+ was more severe on roots than on leaves at the same concentration. Cadmium affected the mineral nutrition balance; mainly, it promoted the uptake of Ca, Cu, Mn, and Fe, while inhibited Mg, Na, and K uptake. The physiological toxic effect of Cd2+ was close to the ultrastructural damage induced by Cd contamination. A significant correspondence was observed between the Cd dose and its toxic effect. Cadmium could destroy the normal ultrastructure, disturb the ion balance, and interfere with cell metabolism.

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Abbreviations

CAT:

catalase

MDA:

malondiadehyde

POD:

peroxidase

RMP:

relative membrane penetrability

ROS:

reactive oxygen species

SOD:

superoxide dismutase

TEM:

transmission electron microscope

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Plant and Microorganism Interaction, Department of Life Science, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, 476000, China

    J. Z. Hu, D. L. Pei & F. Liang

  2. Institute of Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, College of Life Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210097, China

    G. X. Shi

Authors
  1. J. Z. Hu
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  2. D. L. Pei
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  3. F. Liang
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  4. G. X. Shi
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to J. Z. Hu.

Additional information

Published in Russian in Fiziologiya Rastenii, 2009, Vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 759–767.

This text was submitted by the authors in English.

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Hu, J.Z., Pei, D.L., Liang, F. et al. Growth responses of Sagittaria sagittifolia L. plants to water contamination with cadmium. Russ J Plant Physiol 56, 686–694 (2009). https://doi.org/10.1134/S102144370905015X

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S102144370905015X

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