Optical activity of films based on chitosan of various molecular masses and modifications

Abstract

The effect of chemical (polysalt → polybase reaction) and physicochemical (heat and vapor processing) modifications of the films of chitosan of various molecular masses and prehistories on the optical activity of the polysaccharide is studied. For both of the chitosan chemical modifications, the following dependence that is nontrivial for high-molecular compounds is established: [α] = f(log${\bar M_\eta }$ ); as the degree of polymerization decreases, the modulus of [α] of the films increases. The X-ray diffraction study shows that the differences in the optical activity of the samples with different ${\bar M_\eta }$ are caused by a restriction in the mobility of the macromolecular sections upon formation of the films of high-molecular chitosan and incompleteness of the relaxation processes of the film systems to the state with energetically favorable conformations. The comparison of humidity and optical and biological activities of the initial and dehydrated chitosan films is performed. The chitosan films in the salt modification feature moderate bactericidal activity, which decreases with an increase in ${\bar M_\eta }$ of the polymer. The thermal processing of the salt modification reduces the antibacterial action; a conversion to the base form is accompanied by the loss of bactericidal activity.