Abstract
A review of the current state of research in the field of oil rheology is presented as the basis for quantitative characterization of oil flow in the pipeline system. Based on recent publications, a picture is presented of the dependence of the rheological properties of oils of various types on their composition. The features of the flow of waxy oils, including the problem of correct assessment and depression of the pour point, have been analyzed. The flow of crystallizing oil has been considered proceeding from the concept of oil as a viscoplastic thixotropic medium. It has been shown how the results of rheological studies can be used to solve technological problems, including the restart problem. The rheology of heavy oil has been considered on the basis of the strategic objective of reducing viscosity to a level that meets the requirements of its transport in existing pipeline systems. Various existing and promising ways to solve this problem are discussed. Particular attention is paid to the role of asphaltenes and the formation of emulsions and their importance in oil rheology.
Similar content being viewed by others
REFERENCES
A. Ya. Malkin, Fundamentals of Rheology (TsOP Professiya, St. Petersburg, 2018).
R. Martínez-Palou, M. de Lourdes Mosqueira, B. Zapata-Rendón et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 75, 274 (2011).
A. Z. Driatskaya, M. A. Zhmykhova, and M. A. Mkhchian, A Handbook of USSR Oils, Suppl. vol.: Physicochemical Characterization of Oils, (Khimiya, Moscow, 1975).
A. Malkin, G. Rodionova, S. Sébastien, et al., Energy Fuels 30, 9322 (2016).
C. F. Conaway, The Petroleum Industry: A Nomenclature Guide (Pennwell, Tulsa, 1999).
A. D. Muñoz, J. Ancheyta, and L. C. Castañeda, Energy Fuels 30, 8850 (2016).
P. V. Ramírez-González, Energy Fuels 30, 7094 (2016).
E. A. Rops and L. R. Lines, in Proceedings of GeoConvention-2016: Optimizing Resources.
S. O. Ilyin, M. P. Arinina, M. Yu. Polyakova, et al., Fuel 186, 157 (2016).
A. Hart, J. Pet. Explor. Prod. Technol. 4, 327 (2014).
A. M. McKenna, Energy Fuels 27, 1246 (2013).
O. C. Mullins and E. Y. Sheu, Asphaltenes: Fundamentals and Applications (Plenum, New York, 1995).
O. C. Mullins, Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. 4, 393 (2011).
C. Beal, Trans. AIME 165, 94 (1946).
H. D. Beggs and J. R. Robinson, J. Pet. Technol. 27, 1140(1975).
O. Glaso, J. Pet. Technol. 32, 785 (1980).
E. M. Mansour, S. M. Desouky, M. El Aily, and M. E. Helmi, Fuel 212, 405 (2018).
J. Modaresghazani, R. G. Moorea, S. A. Mehta, et al., Fuel 227, 6 (2019).
S. O. Ilyin, M. P. Arinina, M. Yu. Polyakova, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 147, 211 (2016).
T. Monger-McClure, J. Tackett, and L. Merrill, SPE Prod. Facil. 14, 4 (1999).
A. Belati and J. Cajaiba, Fuel 220, 264 (2018).
B. A. Tarcha, B. Forte, E. J. Soares, and R. L. Thompson, Rheol. Acta 54, 479 (2015).
B. Jia and J. Zhang, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 51, 10977 (2012).
M. Geri, R. Venkatesan, K. Sambath, and G. H. McKinley, J. Rheol. 61, 427 (2017).
J. A. L. da Silva and J. A. Coutinho, Rheol Acta 43, 433 (2004).
F. L. Paiva, F. H Marchesini., M. A. Calado, and A. Galliez, Energy Fuels 31, 6862 (2017).
C. Barbato, B. Nogueira, M. Khalil, et al., Energy Fuels 28, 1717 (2014).
A. Japper-Jaafar, T. Bhaskoro, L. L. Sean, et al., J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. 218, 71 (2015).
A. Ya. Malkin and S. N. Khadjiev, Pet. Chem. 56, 541 (2016).
GOST (State Standard) 20287-91: Petroleum Products: Methods of Test for Flow Point and Pour Point (Standartinform, Moscow, 2006); ASTM D5853-95; ISO 3016.
V. F. Nikolaev, A. V. Egorov, M. A. Vasin, and I. V. Nikolaev, Zavod. Lab. 78, 312 (2012).
D. W. Jennings and K. Weispfennig, Energy Fuels 19, 1376 (2005).
J. Bryan, A. Kantzas, and C. Bellehumeur, in Proceedings of SPE Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition, San Antonio, Texas, Sep. 29–Oct. 2, 2002, Paper 89070.
J. Ruwoldt, M. Kurniawan, and H.-J. Oschmann, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 165, 114 (2018).
P. Sivakumar, A. Sircar, B. Deka, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 164, 24 (2008).
Y. M. Ganeeva, T. N. Yusupova, and G. V. Romanov, Pet. Sci. 13, 737 (2016).
G. Chena, J. Lina, W. Hua, et al., Fuel 218, 213 (2018).
D. Molina, E. Ariza, and J. C. Poveda, Energy Fuels 31, 133 (2017).
E. Arizo, A. Chaves-Guerrero, and D. Molina, Energy Fuels 32, 6557 (2018).
Y. Li, S. H. Han, Y. Lu, and J. Zhang, Energy Fuels 32, 1491 (2018).
A. Kh. Kuptsov and T. V. Arbuzova, Pet. Chem. 51, 203 (2011).
J. S. Lim, S. F. Wong, M. C. Law, et al., J. Appl. Sci. 15, 167 (2015).
S. F. Wong, M. C. Law, Y. Samyudia, and S. S. Dol, Chem. Eng. Trans. 45, 1411 (2015).
A. Omer and R. Pal, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 52, 9099 (2013).
T. S. T. Ariffin, E. Yahya, and H. Husin, Procedia Eng. 148, 1149 (2016).
S. F. Wong, S. S. Dol, S. K. Wee, and H. B. Chua, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 165, 58 (2018).
A. A. Umar, I. B. M. Saaid, and A. A. Sulaimon, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 165, 673 (2018).
T. T. Khidr, Part. Sci. Technol. 25, 671 (2007).
Y. Wu, G. Ni, F. Yang, et al., Energy Fuels 26, 995 (2012).
M. R. Patel, S. Chitte, and D. Bharambe, Egypt. J. Phys. 26, 895 (2017).
A. M. Al-Sabagh, M. R. N. El-Din, R. E. Morsi, and M. Z. Elsabee, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 65, 139 (2009).
R. A. El-Ghazawy, A. M. Atta, and Kh. Kabel, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 122, 411 (2014).
R. K. Farag, Int. J. Polym. Mater. 57, 189 (2008).
J. B. Taraneh, G. Rahmatollah, and A. Hassan, Fuel Process. Technol. 89, 973 (2008).
A. L. C. Machado, E. F. Lucas, and G. Gonzalez, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 32, 159 (2001).
B. Yao, Ch. Chuanxian Li, F. Yang, et al., Energy Fuels 32, 5834 (2018).
C. He, Y. Ding, J. Chen, et al., Fuel 167, 40 (2016).
M. Kurniawan, S. Subramanian, J. Norman, and K. Paso, Energy Fuels 32, 5857 (2018).
E. Marie, Y. Chevalier, F. Eydoux, et al., J. Colloid Interface Sci. 290, 406 (2005).
F. Yang, Y. Zhao, J. Sjoblom, et al., J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 36, 213 (2015).
A. M. Al-Sabagh, T. T. Khidr, H. Y. Moustafa, et al., J. Dispersion Sci. Technol. 38, 1055 (2016).
F. Yang, K. Paso, J. Norrman, et al., Energy Fuels 29, 1368 (2015).
M. Majid, D. Mitra, and D. Bahram, J. Mol. Liq. 238, 326 (2017).
K. Cao, X. Wei, B. Li, et al., Energy Fuels 27, 640 (2013).
Z. Zhao, Y. Xue, G. Xu, et al., Fuel 193, 65 (2017).
S. A. Mahmoud, T. T. Khidr, and F. M. Ghuiba, Part. Sci. Technol. 24, 1115 (2007).
T. T. Khidr, M. M. Doheim, O. A. A. and EI-Shamy, Part. Sci. Technol. 33, 1619 (2015).
H. S. EI-Sheshtawy and T. T. Khidr, Part. Sci. Technol. 34, 147 (2016).
R. M. Abd, A. H. Nour, and A. Z. Sulaiman, Int. J. Chem. Eng. Appl. 5, 204 (2014).
J. van Santvoort and M. Golombok, Energy Fuels 30, 9226 (2016).
N. Kumar and A. Mandal, Energy Fuels 32, 6452 (2018).
C. Gang, Y. Bai, J. Zhang, et al., Pet. Sci. Technol. 34, 1285 (2016).
J. Taheri-Shakib, A. Shekarifard, and H. Naderi, in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference and Exhibition, 9–12 April 2018, St. Petersburg, Russia. https://doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609.201800144
A. Agi, R. Radzuan Junina, and A. S. Chong, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 166, 577 (2018).
R. M. Webber, J. Rheol. 43, 911 (1999).
P. Singh, H. S. Fogler, and N. Nagarajan, J. Rheol. 43, 1427 (1999).
Ph. Coussot, Q. D. Nguyen, H. T. Huynh, and B. Bonn, Phys. Rev. Lett. 88, 175571 (2002).
A. Ya. Malkin, Thermochim. Acta 624, 82 (2016).
R. Mendes, G. Vinay, G. Ovarlez, and Ph. Coussot, J. Rheol. 59, 703 (2015).
R. Mendes, G. Vinay, and Ph. Coussot, Energy Fuels 31, 395 (2017).
H. Liu, Y. Lu, and J. Zhang, J. Rheol. 62, 527 (2018).
R. de Souza-Mandes and R. L. Thomspon, Rheol. Acta 52, 673 (2013).
Ch. J. Dimitriou and G. H. McKinley, Soft Matter. 10, 6619 (2014).
Ch. van der Geest, C. B. Guersoni, D. Merino-Garcia, and A. C. Bannwart, Rheol Acta 54, 545 (2015).
R. Mendes, G. Vinay, G. Ovarlez, and Ph. Coussot, J. Rheol. 59, 703 (2015).
A. Ahmadpour, K. Sadeghy, and S.-R. Maddah-Sadatieh, J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. 205, 18 (2014).
L. Kumar, K. Paso, and J. Sjöblom, J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. 223, 9 (2015).
G. T. Chala, Sh. A. Sulaiman, and A. Japper-Jaafar, J. Non-Newton. Fluid Mech. 251, 69 (2018).
Sh. Zheng, M. Saidoun, Th. Palermo, et al., Energy Fuels 31, 5011 (2017).
H. Seyyedbagheri and B. Mirzayi, Energy Fuels 31, 8061 (2017).
D. A. Phillips, I. N. Forsdyke, I. R. McCracken, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 77, 237 (2011).
D. Kolotova, K. Bricka, G. Simonsen, et al., Energy Fuels 31, 7673 (2017).
S. R. Derkach, D. S. Kolotova, G. Simonsen, et al., Energy Fuels 32, 2197 (2018).
J. W. Lachance, E. D. Sloan, and C. A. Koh, Chem. Eng. Sci. 63, 3942 (2008).
M. Cha, S. Baek, J. F. Morris, and J. W. Lee, Chem. Asian J. 9, 261 (2014).
A. K. Y. Raman, D. Venkataraman, S. Bhagwat, et al., Colloid Surf., A 506, 607 (2016).
A. Ahuja, A. Iqbal, M. Iqbal, et al. Energy Fuels 32, 5877 (2018).
J. L. Lumley, Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech. 11, 367 (1969).
S. Virk, AIChE J. 21, 625 (1975).
C. M. White and M. G. Mungal, Annu Rev. Fluid Mech. 40, 235 (2008).
G. Brethouwer, P. Schlatter, Y. Duguet, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 112, 144502 (2014).
S. Salehi, M. Raisee, and M. J. Cervantes, J. Appl. Fluid Mech. 10, 1029 (2017).
X. F. Loyseau, G. Verdin, and L. D. Brown, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 162, 1 (2018).
A. Abubakar, Y. Al-Wahaibi, T. Al-Wahaibi, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 162, 143 (2018).
G. V. Nesyn, V. P. Shibaev, R. Z. Sunagatullin, and A. Ya. Malkin, Nauka Tekhnol. Truboprov. Transporta Nefti Nefteprod. 8, 309 (2008).
Yu. V. Lisin, S. L. Semin, and F. S. Zverev, Nauka Tekhnol. Truboprov. Transporta Nefti Nefteprod. 3, 6 (2013).
G. V. Nesyn, R. Z. Sunagatullin, V. P. Shibaev, and A. Ya. Malkin, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 161, 715. 2018.
E. C. Coelho, K. C. O. Barbosa, J. Edson, et al., Rheol. Acta 55, 983 (2016).
A. Shah, R. Fishwick, J. Wood, et al., Energy Environ. Sci. 3, 700 (2010).
N. M. Zadymova, Z. N. Skvortsova, V. Yu. Traskin, et al., Colloid J. 78, 735 (2016).
R. Foudazi, S. Qavi, I. Masalova, and A. Ya. Malkin, Adv. Colloid Interface Sci. 220, 78. 2015.
A. Ya. Malkin, K. V. Zuev, M. P. Arinina, and V. G. Kulichikhin, Energy Fuels 32, 11991 (2018).
N. Nizamidin, U. P. Weerasooriya, and G. A. Pope, Energy Fuels 29, 7065 (2015).
H. Pei, Zh. Zhan Shu, G. Zhang, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 163, 476 (2018).
T. Sharma, G. S. Kumar, and J. S. Sangwai, Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 54, 1576 (2015).
Y. Yang, J. Guo, Z. W. Cheng, et al., Energy Fuels 31, 1159 (2017).
T. Al-Wahaibi, Y. Al-Wahaibi, A.-A. R. Al-Hashmi, et al., Pet. Sci. 12, 170. 2015.
J. Mao, J. Liu, Y. Peng, et al., J. Energy Fuels 32, 119 (2018).
E. A. Taborda, A. Camilo, C. A. Franco, et al., Energy Fuels 31, 1329 (2017).
V. G. Kulichikhin, L. A. Tsamalashvili, E. P. Plotnikova, et al., Polym. Sci., Ser. A. 45, 564 (2003).
A. Ya. Malkin, M. V. Mironova, S. O. Ilyin, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 157, 117 (2017).
R. Hu, J. M. Trusler, and J. P. Crawshaw, Energy Fuels 31, 3399 (2017).
Q. Zhao, L. Guo, Z. Huang, et al., Energy Fuels 32, 1685. 2018.
M. C. K. de Oliveira, L. R. O. Miranda, A. B. M. de Carvalho, and D. F. S. Mirands, Energy Fuels 32, 2749 (2018).
J. Guo, Y. Yang, D. Zhang, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 160, 12 (2018).
O. Akinyemi, J. D. Udonne, V. E. Efeovbokhan, and A. A. Ayoola, J. Appl. Res. Technol. 14, 195 (2016).
L. Zhu, Y. Wang, Sh. Wang, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 163, 37 (2019).
M. Witt, M. Godejohann, S. Oltmanns, et al., Energy Fuels 32, 2653 (2018).
C. P. P. Mazzeo, F. A. Stedille, C. R. E. Mansur, et al., Energy Fuels 32, 1087 (2018).
Yu. V. Larichev and O. N. Martyanov, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 165, 575 (2017).
W. Chaisoontornyotina, J. Zhang, S. Ngb, and M. P. Hoepfner, Energy Fuels 32, 7458. 2018.
Ch.-Y. Sie, B. Nguyen, M. Verlaan, et al., Energy Fuels 32, 360 (2018).
H. Patel, S. Shah, R. Ahmed, and S. Ucan, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 167, 819 (2018).
H. Li, C. Kexin, J. Linga, et al., J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 170, 374 (2018).
G. Centeno, G. Sanchez-Reyna, J. A. Munoz, and N. Cardona, Fuel 90, 3561 (2011).
W. R. Shu, SPE J. 24, 277 (1984).
P. Gateau, I. Henaut, L. Barre, and J. F. Argillier, Oil Gas Sci, Technol. Rev. IFP 59, 503 (2001).
M. T. Ghannam, S. W. Hasan, B. Abu-Jdayil, and N. Esmail, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 81, 122 (2012).
P. Poesio, D. Strazza, and G. Sotgia, Chem. Eng. Sci. 64, 1136 (2009).
A. Shmueli, T. E. Unander, and O. J. Nydal, in Proceedings of Offshore Technology Conference, October 27−29, 2014, Rio de Janeiro (OTC Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, 2015), Document ID OTC-26176-MS.
J. J. Wylde, D. Leinweber, D. Low, et al., in Proceedings of the World Heavy Oil Congress, Aberdeen, 2012.
A. Brito, N. Guzmán, L. Luis Rojas-Solórzano, and T. Zambrano, J. Pet. Sci. Eng. 170, 772. 2018.
D. D. Joseph, R. Bai, C. Mata, et al., J. Fluid Mech. 386, 127 (1999).
B. Meña, in Proceedings of the 12th Annual European Rheology Conference, April 17–20, 2018, Sorrento, Italy, Paper PG-2.
A. Hart, A. Shah, G. Leeke, et al., Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 52, 15394 (2013).
M. Greaves, T. X. Xia, and A. T. Turta, J. Can. Pet. Technol. 47, 65 (2008).
A. Shah, R. Fishwick, J. Wood, et al., Energy Environ Sci. 3, 700 (2010).
Petrobank 2014: Petrobank and Touchstone to Combine to Create a High Growth, Fully Capitalized Oil Company (Petrobank, Calgary, Alberta). http:www.touchstoneexploration.com/files/5128.PBG-2014-arch6.pdf. Accessed May 9, 2016.
M. R. Ado, M. Greaves, and S. Rigby, Energy Fuels 31, 1276 (2017).
M. R. Ado, M. Greaves, and S. Rigby, J. Pet. Sci. Technol. 166, 94 (2019).
ACKNOWLEDGMENT
This work was carried out within the State Program of the Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Translated by S. Zatonsky
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Malkin, A.Y. Oil as an Object of Rheology (Review). Pet. Chem. 59, 1092–1107 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965544119100062
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0965544119100062