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Silicate Liquid Immiscibility as a Result of Fenner-Type Crystal Fractionation of Wangtian’e Tholeiitic Melts, Northeast China

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Abstract

The results of a study of mineral-hosted melt inclusions were used to reconstruct the evolution of tholeiitic melts that produced the rocks of the shield edifice of Wangtian’e volcano, Northeast China, including the P–T parameters of their crystallization. Primary melt inclusions were studied in plagioclase of tholeiitic basalts. They contain “dry” Fe-rich silicate glass or a crystallized fine-grained mineral aggregate, feldspar rim, and globules of various compositions: water-bearing Fe-rich globules, water-bearing Si-rich globules and “dry” Si-rich globules. In the groundmass of tholeiitic basalts, “dry” Si-rich and Fe-rich glasses, as well as hydrated Fe-rich glass with an H2O content of up to 10–15 wt.% were identified. The fractional crystallization path of Wangtian’e tholeiitic melts was calculated by the COMAGMAT-5.2.2 software using glass compositions of homogenized melt inclusions in plagioclase from the basalts. It was shown that the calculated temperatures of the beginning of plagioclase crystallization are in good agreement with temperatures obtained in thermometric experiments with melt inclusions in plagioclase, and correspond to 1180–1200°C. Based on our studies, several stages of the melt differentiation during the formation of Wangtian’e volcanic rocks were identified. The first stage includes the Fenner-type crystal fractionation of the melt due to the appearance of plagioclase on the liquidus at the beginning of magma crystallization. The separation of the ferrobasaltic melt into Si-rich and Fe-rich silicate immiscible liquids (“dry” and hydrated) corresponds to the second stage of differentiation. The occurrence of silicate liquid immiscibility follows from the presence of Fe-rich and Si-rich glasses in the intergranular space of the basalts and in the melt inclusions in plagioclase of these rocks.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors thank Z.A. Kotelnikova and A.Yu. Bychkov for constructive criticism that led us to improve the manuscript.

Funding

This study was carried out at the Laboratory of Rare-Metal Magmatism of the Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, under government-financed research program 0136-2018-0026 “Mantle–Crust Interaction in Areas of Anorogenic Magmatism and Its Role in Generating Rare-Metal Magmas: A Case Study of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt” (headed by Acad. V.V. Yarmolyuk). Microprobe and ion-probe studies of melt inclusions were supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 20-05-00306, and Grant MK-2419.2019.5 from the President of the Russian Federation.

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  1. Institute of Geology of Ore Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry (IGEM), Russian Academy of Sciences, 109017, Moscow, Russia

    O. A. Andreeva, I. A. Andreeva, V. V. Yarmolyuk & S. E. Borisovskii

  2. School of Earth and Space Sciences, Peking University, 100871, Beijing, China

    Jianqing Ji & Xin Zhou

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Andreeva, O.A., Andreeva, I.A., Yarmolyuk, V.V. et al. Silicate Liquid Immiscibility as a Result of Fenner-Type Crystal Fractionation of Wangtian’e Tholeiitic Melts, Northeast China. Petrology 28, 357–373 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0869591120040025

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