Abstract
We developed a petrologic and geodynamic model for the magma generation of volcanic formations in the Tolbachik Dol area. Differences have been found in the evolution of volcanic ejecta and the mineral composition of rocks on Ostryi and Ploskii Tolbachik stratovolcanoes on the one hand and in that of the regional zone of cinder cones on the other. We conclude that the basaltic and the trachybasaltic magmas were generated independently of each other and that these magmas were mixed during the time when central volcanism was giving way to fissure volcanism. The leading process that was responsible for the generation of basaltic and trachybasaltic series was crystallization differentiation, while the compositional variation in the stratovolcano and cinder rocks can be explained by the supply of an alkaline component into the basaltic magma chamber and subsequent accumulation during magma crystallization.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Al’meev, R.R. and Ariskin, A.A., Computer modeling of molten mineral equilibria in an aqueous basaltic system, Geokhimiya, 1996, no. 7, pp. 624–636.
Ariskin, A.A. and Barmina, G.S., Modelirovanie fazovykh ravnovesii pri kristallizatsii bazal’tovykh magm (Modeling of Phase Equilibria for Basaltic Magma Crystallization), Moscow: Nauka, 2000.
Balesta, S.T., Zubin, M.I., Kargopol’tsev, A.A., and Fedorchenko, I.A., The Deep Structure of the Eruption Area, in Bol’shoe treshchinnoe Tolbachinskoe izverzhenie, 1975–1976 gg., Kamchatka (The Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, 1975–1976, Kamchatka), Fedotov, S.A., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1984, Ch. XV, pp. 514–536.
Bogatikov, O.A., Kovalenko, V.I., and Sharkov, E.V., Magmatizm, tektonika, geodinamika Zemli (The Magmatism, Tectonics, and Geodynamics of the Earth), Trudy IGEM RAN (new series), no. 3, Moscow: Nauka, 2010.
Bol’shoe treshchinnoe Tolbachinskoe izverzhenie, 1975–1976 gg., Kamchatka (The Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, 1975–1976, Kamchatka), Fedotov, S.A., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1984.
Braitseva, O.A., Melekestsev, I.V., Flerov, G.B., et al., The Holocene Volcanism of the Tolbachik Regional Zone of Cinder Cones, in Bol’shoe treshchinnoe Tolbachinskoe izverzhenie, 1975–1976 gg., Kamchatka (The Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, 1975–1976, Kamchatka), Fedotov, S.A., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1984, pp. 177–223
Danyushevsky, L., The effect of small amounts of H2O on crystallization of mid-ocean ridge and backarc basin magmas, J. Volcanol. Geoterm. Res., 2001, vol. 110, pp. 265–280.
Dobretsov, N.L., Kulakov, I.Yu., and Litasov, Yu.D., Pathways of migrating magmas and fluids and the compositions of Kamchatka volcanic rocks, Geologiya i Geofizika, 2012, vol. 53, no. 12, pp. 1633–1661.
Eremina, T.S., Khubunaya, S.A., Koloskov, A.V., and Moskaleva, S.V., Cal-alkaline and subalkaline basalts and basaltic andesites discharged by Klyuchevskoi, Kharchinskii, and Ploskii Tolbachik during the 2012–2013 Tolbachik Fissure Eruption: Volcanic ejecta from different depths in the mantle, in Materialy regional’noi konferentsii “Vulkanizm i svyazannye s nim protsessy” (Proc. regional conf. "Volcanism and Related Processes”), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii: IViS DVO RAN, 2014, pp. 69–81.
Ermakov, V.A., Formatsionnoe raschlenenie chetvertichnykh vulkanicheskikh porod (Formational Stratification of Quaternary Volcanic Rocks), Moscow: Nedra, 1977.
Fedotov, S.A. and Zharinov, N.A., On the eruptions, deformation, and seismicity of Klyuchevskoy Volcano, Kamchatka in 1986–2005 and the mechanisms of its activity, J. Volcanol. Seismol., 2007, vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 71–97.
Fedotov, S.A., Zharinov, N.A., and Gontovaya, L.I., The magmatic system of the Klyuchevskaya group of volcanoes inferred from data on its eruptions, earthquakes, deformation, and deep structure, J. Volcanol. Seismol., 2010, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1–33.
Flerov, G.B. and Melekestsev, I.V., The 2012–2013 eruption as a result of the ongoing activity of the Tolbachik regional zone of cinder cones, Klyuchevskoi Volcanic Cluster, Kamchatka, in Materialy regional’noi konferentsii “Vulkanizm i svyazannye s nim protsessy” (Proc. regional conf. “Volcanism and Related Processes”), Petropavlovsk-Kamchatskii: IViS DVO RAN, 2013, pp. 139–144.
Flerov, G.B., Andreev, V.N., Budnikov, V.A., and Tsyurupa, A.I., The Petrology of Volcanic Ejecta, in Bol’shoe treshchinnoe Tolbachinskoe izverzhenie, 1975–1976 gg., Kamchatka (The Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption, 1975–1976, Kamchatka), Ch. XVI, Fedotov, S.A., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1984, pp. 537–575.
Flerov, G.B., Perepelov, A.B., Puzankov, M.Yu., Koloskov, A.V., Filosofova, T.M., and Shcherbakov, Yu.D., The space-time relationships between volcanic associations of different alkalinities: The Belogolovskii Massif in Kamchatka’s Sredinnyi Range. Part 1. The geology, mineralogy, and petrology of volcanic rocks, J. Volcanol. Seismol., 2014, vol. 8, no. 3, pp. 135–155.
Ivanov, B.V., Andezity Kamchatki (Kamchatka Andesites), Moscow: Nauka, 2008.
Kadik, A.A., Lukanin, O.A., and Lapin, I.V., Fizikokhemicheskie usloviya evolyutsii bazal’tovykh magm v pripoverkhnostnykh ochagakh (The Physico-Chemical Conditions for the Evolution of Basaltic Magmas in Shallow Chambers), Moscow: Nauka, 1990.
Kirsanov, I.V. and Ponomarev, G.P., An Eruption of Ploskii Tolbachik Volcano and Some Features Observable in Its Products, Byul. Vulkanol. St., 1974, no. 50, pp. 53–63.
Korzhinskii, D.S., Acidity versus alkalinity as the leading factor in magmatic and most-magmatic processes, in Magmatizm i svyaz’ s nim poleznykh iskopaemykh (Magmatism and Its Relationship to Mineral Deposits), Moscow: Gosgeoltekhizdat, 1960, pp. 21–30.
Lukanin, O.A., Kadik, A.A., Baggar, G.M., and Fedotov, S.A., The physico-chemical conditions for crystallization of basalts discharged during the Great Tolbachik Fissure Eruption of 1975–1976, Vulkanol. Seismol., 1980, no. 3, pp. 16–50.
Melekestsev, I.V., Kraevaya, T.S., and Braitseva, O.A., Rel’ef i otlozheniya molodykh vulkanicheskikh raionov Kamchatki (Relief and Deposits in Young Volcanic Areas of Kamchatka), Moscow: Nauka, 1970.
Peccerillo, A. and Taylor, S.R., Geochemistry of Eocene calc-alkaline volcanic rock from the Kastamonu area, Northern Turkey, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1976, vol. 58, pp. 63–81.
Petrograficheskii kodeks Rossii. Magmaticheskie, metamorficheskie, metasomaticheskie, impaktnye obrazovaniya (Petrographic Code of Russia. Magmatic, Metamorphic, Metasomatic, and Impact Formations), 3rd Ed., rev. and suppl., St. Petersburg: VSEGEI, 2009.
Ponomarev, G.P. and Puzankov, M.Yu., Raspredelenie porodoobrazuyushchikh elementov v sisteme osnovnoiultraosnovnoi rasplav-spinel’, olivin, ortopiroksen, klinopiroksen, plagioklaz po eksperimental’nym dannym. Geologicheskoe prilozhenie (The Distribution of Rock-Forming Elements in the Basic/Ultramafic Melt-Spinel-Olivine-Orthopyroxene-Clinopyroxene-Plagioclase System: Experimental Evidence. A Geological Addendum), Moscow: PROBEL-2000, 2012.
Putirka K. Termometers and barometers for volcanic systems, in Minerals, Inclusions and Volcanic Processes, Reviews in Mineralogy and Geochemistry, Putirka, K. and Tepley, F., Eds., 2008, vol. 69, pp. 61–120.
Putirka, K.D., Perfit, M., Ryerson, F.J., and Jackson, M.G., Ambient and excess mantle temperatures, olivine thermometry, and active passive upwelling, Chemical Geology, 2007, vol. 240, pp. 177–206.
Sisson, T.W. and Grove, T.L., Temperatures and H2O content of low-MgO high-alumina basalts, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 1993, vol. 113, pp. 167–184.
Volynets, A.O., Mel’nikov, D.V., and Yakushev, A.I., First evidence of the composition of ejecta from the Tolbachik Fissure Eruption named after the fifty years of the Institute of Volcanology and Seismology, Kamchatka, Dokl. Akad. Nauk, 2013, vol. 452, no. 3, pp. 303–307.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © G.B. Flerov, V.V. Anan’ev, G.P. Ponomarev, 2015, published in Vulkanologiya i Seismologiya, 2015, No. 3, pp. 15–35.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Flerov, G.B., Anan’ev, V.V. & Ponomarev, G.P. The petrogenesis of rocks of the Ostryi and Ploskii volcanoes and the relationship between volcanic occurrences of basaltic and trachybasaltic magmas in the Tolbachik Dol area, Kamchatka. J. Volcanolog. Seismol. 9, 162–181 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0742046315030021
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0742046315030021