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Change in Eye Hydrodynamics as a Pathogenesis Factor of Space-Flight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS)

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Abstract

Studies of the mechanisms of visual analyzer adaptation in remote space missions are of paramount importance in the domain of space medicine. Pathogenesis of ocular nerve edema, the fundamental symptom of space-flight associated neuro-ocular syndrome (SANS), remains unclear. One of the hypothesized SANS triggers is a change of the pressure gradient in the cribriform plate due to fluctuations of both the intracranial and intraocular pressures in the absence of gravity. This study extends the study of ocular hydrodynamics under simulated 5-day microgravity. The article presents the results of a study of intraocular hydrobalance after a 21-day “dry” immersion. The study involved eight male subjects at the age of 24 to 35 years. Data of electron tonography and diurnal intraocular pressure measurements were correlated with the fluid balance dynamics. Changes in eye tonography parameters were registered after 21-day dry immersion exposure. An ocular hydrodynamics disbalance was registered in 80% of the subjects. Tonography revealed clinically significant changes in 25% of the subjects. The results made it possible for the first time to assess the severity and nature of the autoregulation of ocular hydrodynamics under conditions of compensatory hypohydration of the body due to a simulated 21-day gravitational unloading.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    O. M. Man’ko, A. E. Smoleevsky & E. S. Tomilovskaya

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  1. O. M. Man’ko
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  2. A. E. Smoleevsky
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  3. E. S. Tomilovskaya
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Correspondence to O. M. Man’ko.

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Translated by A. Deryabina

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Man’ko, O.M., Smoleevsky, A.E. & Tomilovskaya, E.S. Change in Eye Hydrodynamics as a Pathogenesis Factor of Space-Flight Associated Neuro-Ocular Syndrome (SANS). Hum Physiol 48, 856–862 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119722070131

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119722070131

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