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Dynamics of Body Composition Indices and Biochemical Parameters in Participants of Countermeasure-Free 21-Day “Dry” Immersion

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Abstract

Time-dependent changes in body composition and the levels of hormones involved in regulating energy metabolism and eating behavior were studied in ten healthy volunteers who were exposed to dry immersion (DI) for 21 days without the use of countermeasures to prevent the negative effects of the experimental conditions. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) was used to assess the body composition in the test subjects. The proportion of lean mass decreased, while the fat component increased in the subjects under the influence of factors of 21-day DI. Cluster analysis isolated two equal homogeneous groups of subjects with a reduced group variability of the parameters of body composition and systemic regulation of energy metabolism. A significant decrease (p < 0.05) in relative skeletal muscle mass (SMM%) was observed after 21-day DI in the group with a higher relative body fat mass (FM), a lower relative fat-free mass (FFM), and a higher basal metabolic rate. SMM was stable, while SMM% increased (p < 0.05) after 21-day DI in the group with a lower relative FM, a higher FFM, and a lower basal metabolic rate. A significant increase in blood insulin was observed during DI in this group. Leptin and triglyceride concentrations differed between the groups in different periods of the experiment.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

We are grateful to the volunteers for participation in the study.

Funding

Complex immersion studies were supported by the Russian Academy of Sciences (project no. 65.1), the Russian Science Foundation (project no. 19-15-00435), and the program “Basic Research for Biomedical Technologies” of the Presidium of the Russian Academy of Sciences (project “Basic Research for Technologies of Disease Prevention, Human Rehabilitation, and Directional Improvement of Resistance to Adverse Factors”).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Biomedical Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    G. Yu. Vassilieva, K. V. Gordienko, D. P. Sidorenko, E. V. Batalova, E. S. Tomilovskaya, A. M. Nosovsky & I. M. Larina

  2. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia

    S. P. Shchelykalina

  3. Research and Technical Center “Medas”, Moscow, Russia

    S. P. Shchelykalina

  4. Рeoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

    R. R. Gimadiev

Authors
  1. G. Yu. Vassilieva
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  2. K. V. Gordienko
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  4. S. P. Shchelykalina
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  5. E. V. Batalova
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  6. E. S. Tomilovskaya
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  7. R. R. Gimadiev
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  8. A. M. Nosovsky
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  9. I. M. Larina
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Correspondence to G. Yu. Vassilieva.

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Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Statement of compliance with standards of research involving humans as subjects. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments and were approved by the Ethics Committee at the Institute of Biomedical Problems (Moscow) (Minutes no. 483 dated August 3, 2018).

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Translated by T. Tkacheva

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Vassilieva, G.Y., Gordienko, K.V., Sidorenko, D.P. et al. Dynamics of Body Composition Indices and Biochemical Parameters in Participants of Countermeasure-Free 21-Day “Dry” Immersion. Hum Physiol 47, 296–305 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119721030178

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