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Use of the Amplitude–Temporal Parameters Related to the Events of the Brain Potentials as Indicators of Specific Processes of Name (Nomination) and Recognition of the Subject by Name (Denotation)

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Abstract

The article presents an experimental study of the specific mechanisms of the nominative and denotative functions of speech, carried out by the methods of neurophysiology, psychophysiology and neuropsychology. Object-naming deficit (nomination), combined with the intact object recognition by its name (denotation) was the starting point for the study. The idea of the similarity of the main components that ensure nomination and denotation is refuted by this fact and demonstrates the differences in the brain organization of these processes, which is manifested in the specificity of their disorders in local brain lesions. In 20 subjects (10 men and 10 women aged 18–23 years), upon presentation of objects’ images or names, the following parameters were recorded: the simple sensorimotor reaction, the electroencephalogram, event-related potentials (ERPs), and the conditionally negative wave (contingent negative variation, CNV). Statistical analysis of the amplitude–time parameters of the main components of ERPs and CNV showed significant differences in their configuration and topography. These differences may reflect sequential activity of various brain structures at different time stages in the implementation of the studied speech functions.

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Funding

The study was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-013-00655.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, Russia

    S. A. Isaichev, A. M. Chernorizov, T. V. Adamovich, A. V. Pilecheva, A. A. Skvortsov & I. V. Mikadze

  2. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health, Moscow, Russia

    A. A. Skvortsov & I. V. Mikadze

  3. Federal Center of Brain and Neurotechnologies, Federal Medical and Biological Agency, 117997, Moscow, Russia

    I. V. Mikadze

  4. Psyhological Institute of Russian Acedemy of Education, 125009, Moscow, Russia

    T. V. Adamovich

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  1. S. A. Isaichev
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Correspondence to A. V. Pilecheva.

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All studies were conducted in accordance with the principles of biomedical ethics formulated in the Declaration of Helsinki, 1964, and its subsequent updates; they were also approved by the local bioethics committee of the Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Psychology of the Moscow State University.

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Translated by A. Deryabina

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Isaichev, S.A., Chernorizov, A.M., Adamovich, T.V. et al. Use of the Amplitude–Temporal Parameters Related to the Events of the Brain Potentials as Indicators of Specific Processes of Name (Nomination) and Recognition of the Subject by Name (Denotation). Hum Physiol 46, 651–662 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119720060031

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