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General Movements as a Factor Reflecting the Normal or Impaired Motor Development in Infants

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Abstract

Motor activity of infants becomes detectable as early as the first months (9–10 weeks) of fetal development. These movements constantly change during maturation of the fetus, are preserved after birth, and are called general movements. The complexity and variability of movements is a criterion for the normal motor development of infants in the postnatal period. Disturbances in maturation of the nervous system are reflected in abnormal patterns of general movements, and the patterns thus make it possible to diagnose perinatal brain lesions early. This is especially important in the case of preterm infants, who are at higher risk of developing neurological and motor disorders. This review describes the main types of general movements characteristic of normal motor development, the atypical motor patterns that have a predictive value for early prediction of cerebral palsy, and the putative neural substrates that determine the development of normal and abnormal general movements. Various methods are available for assessing general movements, including both qualitative techniques, which are based on visual assessment of motor patterns, and quantitative methods, which employ technologies of automated general movement recognition and analysis.

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This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (project no. 18-015-00187).

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  1. Kharkevich Institute of Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    I. A. Solopova, V. A. Selionov & I. Y. Dolinskaya

  2. Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia

    I. Y. Dolinskaya

  3. Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

    E. S. Keshishian

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  1. I. A. Solopova
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  2. V. A. Selionov
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Solopova, I.A., Selionov, V.A., Dolinskaya, I.Y. et al. General Movements as a Factor Reflecting the Normal or Impaired Motor Development in Infants. Hum Physiol 46, 432–442 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S036211972004012X

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