Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Physiological Parameters of the Performance of Ballistic Punch Movements in Athletes

  • Published:
Human Physiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The motor-coordination features of punch actions in athletes receive special attention in the literature. However, the association between punch force actions and the mechanisms of motor coordination and balance is disregarded in the majority of studies, and a hierarchic movement organization adequate to the motor task consequently escapes attention. Vegetative support of various types of punches is poorly understood. Vertical stability, stabilographic parameters, muscle electrical activity of the upper limbs and trunk, and vegetative vascular support of various types of punch movements were studied using sports equipment in boxers of various skill levels. The results were used to systematize the physiological characteristics of punch movement performance in boxers. A higher level of qualification was associated with an increase in balance retention time in the complicated Romberg position. For the ballistic type of punch, the sagittal linear velocity of punch increased with the increasing qualification level and a pronounced frontal velocity component became detectable at the level of Candidate Master of S6ports (CMS). The changes were accompanied by an increase in the amplitude of bioelectric activity of muscles in the upper and lower limbs; signs of muscle disorganization were replaced by synchronization of bioelectric activity. Changes in motor pattern were accompanied by a nonlinear reorganization of the vegetative support system, and blood supply and blood return gradually increased in the lower and upper limbs. Blood circulation indices became more economic and optimal for ballistic technology. Based on the results, the development of sports mastery in boxing was considered as the development of a single functional system in which the ability to maintain balance and the punch velocity parameters are associated with an adaptive reorganization of contractile muscle activity in the lower and upper limbs and vascular maintenance of body activity. The findings help to better understand the physiological mechanisms underlying the formation of punch movement skills in combat sports and can provide a theoretical basis for improving the training process.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Davis, P., Connorton, A.J., Driver, S., et al., The activity profile of elite male amateur boxing after the 2013 rule changes, J. Strength Cond. Res., 2018, vol. 32, no. 12, p. 3441.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Park, J., Gong, J., and Yim, J., Effects of a sitting boxing program on upper limb function, balance, gait, and quality of life in stroke patients, NeuroRehabilitation, 2017, vol. 40, no. 1, p. 77.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Zatsiorskii, V.M., Fizicheskie kachestva sportsmena: osnovy teorii i metodiki vospitaniya (Physical Characteristics of an Athlete: Fundamental Theory and Training Methods), Moscow: Sovetskii Sport, 2009.

  4. James, L.P., Haff, G.G., Kelly, V.G., and Beckman, E.M., Towards a determination of the physiological characteristics distinguishing successful mixed martial arts athletes: a systematic review of combat sport literature, Sports Med., 2016, vol. 46, no. 10, p. 1525.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Kasiri, S., Fookes, C., Sridharan, S., and Morgan, S., Fine-grained action recognition of boxing punches from depth imagery, Comput. Vision Image Understanding, 2017, vol. 159, p. 143.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Silbernagl, S. and Despopoulos, A., Color Atlas of Physiology, Stuttgart: Thieme, 2008, 6th ed.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  7. Filimonov, V.I., Sovremennaya sistema podgotovki bokserov (Modern Training System of the Boxers), Moscow: Insan, 2009.

  8. Esmeikin, V.F., Improving attacking actions in boxing by performing them with optimal characteristics, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Pedagog.) Dissertation, Moscow, 2007.

  9. Luk’yanenko, V.P. and Volkov, R.A., Biomechanics of punch movements of boxers, Mir Nauki, Kul’t., Obraz., 2013, no. 4 (41), p. 85.

  10. Pavlov, S.E., Fiziologicheskie osnovy podgotovki kvalifitsirovannykh sportsmenov (Physiology of Training of Professional Athletes), Moscow: Ross. Gos. Univ. Fiz. Kul’t. Sporta, 2009.

  11. Verkhoshanskii, Yu.V., Osnovy spetsial’noi silovoi podgotovki v sporte (Fundamentals of Specific Strength Training in Sports), Moscow: Sovetskii Sport, 2013.

  12. Bernshtein, N.A., Fiziologiya dvizhenii i aktivnost’ (Physiology of Movements and Activity), Moscow: Nauka, 2012.

  13. Rhoades, R.A. and Bell, D.R., Medical Physiology: Principles for Clinical Medicine, Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Bobrova, E.V., Mechanisms of sensorimotor coordination of movements and human posture, Doctoral (Biol.) Dissertation, St. Petersburg, 2010.

  15. Grishin, A.A., Kolyada, A.V., and Zav’yalov, A.I., Biopedagogical aspects of preparing the body for pain by interaction of punch surfaces in martial arts, Teor. Prakt. Prikl. Ekstremal’nykh Vidov Sporta, 2013, no. 2 (27), p. 37.

  16. Doral, M.N., Turhan, E., Dönmez, G., et al., Sport Injuries: Prevention, Diagnosis, Treatment and Rehabilitation, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 2012.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  17. Drury, B.T., Lehman, T.P., and Rayan, G., Hand and wrist Injuries in boxing and the martial arts, Hand Clin., 2017, vol. 33, no. 1, p. 97.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Clinical Practice of Sports Injury Prevention and Care, Renström, P.A.F.H., Ed., New York: Wiley, 1994.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Krauss, G., Biochemistry of Signal Transduction and Regulation, New York: Wiley, 2014, 5th ed.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Rosly, M., Oam, D., Glen, M., and Husain, R., Exergaming for individuals with neurological disability: a systematic review, Disability Rehabil., 2017, vol. 39, no. 8, p. 727.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Karaulova, L.K., Krasnoperova, N.A., and Rasulov, M.M., Fiziologiya fizicheskogo vospitaniya i sporta (Physiology of Physical Training and Sports), Moscow: Akademiya, 2016.

  22. Sidnyaev, N.I., Teoriya planirovaniya eksperimenta i analiz statisticheskikh dannykh (Theory of Experiment Planning and Statistical Data Analysis), Moscow: Yurait, 2012.

  23. Popik, S.A., Improving the punches of boxing students using training information stands, Cand. Sci. (Pedagog.) Dissertation, Khabarovsk, 2008.

  24. Karpeev, A.G., Dvigatel’naya koordinatsiya cheloveka v sportivnykh uprazhneniyakh ballisticheskogo tipa (Locomotor Coordination of a Person in Ballistic Sports Exercises), Omsk: Sib. Gos. Akad. Fiz. Kul’t., 1998.

  25. Kolesnik, I.S., Upravlenie razvitiem vedushchikh dvigatel’nykh koordinatsii v bokse (Control of Development of Main Motion Coordination in Boxing), Moscow: Teor. Prakt. Fiz. Kul’t. Sporta, 2005.

  26. Men’shikov, O.V., Special physical training of junior boxers of attacking and counterattacking style at the pre-competitive stage, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Pedagog.) Dissertation, Moscow, 2007.

  27. Bibikov, S.V., Development of coordination abilities of young boxers based on the modeling of their competitive activity, Cand. Sci. (Pedagog.) Dissertation, Volgograd, 2008.

  28. Sudakov, E.B., The physical training of boxers of various sports qualifications and tactical manners of conducting a duel, Cand. Sci. (Pedagog.) Dissertation, Volgograd, 2008.

  29. Gorskaya, I.Yu., Aver’yanov, I.V., and Kondakov, A.M., Koordinatsionnaya podgotovka sportsmenov (Coordination Training of Athletes), Omsk: Sib. Gos. Akad. Fiz. Kul’t., 2015, p. 34.

  30. Howatson, G., van Someren, K., and Hortobadgyi, T., Repeated bout effect after maximal eccentric exercise, Int. J. Sports Med., 2007, vol. 28, no. 7, p. 557.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Bashkin, V.M., Change in the explosive muscle strength of athletes depending on performed training, Uch. Zap. Univ. im. P.F. Lesgafta, 2009, no. 6 (52), p. 16.

  32. Vinogradova, O.L., Popov, D.V., Netreba, A.I., et al., Optimization of training: new developments in safe strength training, Hum. Physiol., 2013, vol. 39, no. 5, p. 511.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Khezhev, A.A., The precise movements in the special strength training, Cand. Sci. (Pedagog.) Dissertation, Nalchik, 2011.

  34. Hoffman, J., Physiological Aspects of Sports training and Performance, Champaing: Human Kinetics, 2014.

  35. Fileva, V.V. and Mel’nikov, A.A., Recovery of the vertical posture of athletes after external pushing, in Novye podkhody k izucheniyu klassicheskikh problem (New Approaches to the Study of Traditional Problems), Moscow: Al’fa-Print, 2015, p. 118.

  36. Baranov, D.V., The effective use of preliminary exercises at the stage of improvement of the technical and tactical skills of boxers, Extended Abstract of Cand. Sci. (Pedagog.) Dissertation, Tula, 2005.

  37. Luk’yanenko, V.P., Khezhev, A.A., and Bazhev, A.Z., Specific strength training to improve punch accuracy and technical skills, Teor. Prakt. Fiz. Kul’t., 2015, no. 8, p. 15.

  38. Kichaikina, N.B. and Samsonova, A.V., Biomekhanika dvigatel’nykh deistvii (Biomechanics of Movement Actions), St. Petersburg: Univ. im. P.F. Lesgafta, 2014.

  39. Farrell, P.A., Joyner, M.J., and Caiozzo, V.J., ACSM’s Advanced Exercise Physiology, Philadelphia: Wolters Kluwer Health Adis, 2012.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Hedayatrour, N., Falla, D., Arendt-Nielsen, L., and Farina, D., Effect of delayed-onset muscle soreness on muscle recovery after a fatiguing isometric contraction, Scand. J. Med. Sci. Sports, 2010, vol. 20, no. 1, p. 145.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. Novikov, A.A., Osnovy sportivnogo masterstva (Principles of Sports Skills), Moscow: Sovetskii Sport, 2012.

  42. Pashintsev, V.G. and Surkov, A.M., The development of speed-strength glycolytic endurance in judo, Teor. Prakt. Fiz. Kul’t., 2015, no. 3, p. 20.

  43. Kapilevich, L.V., Guzhov, F.A., Bredikhina, Yu.P., and Il’in, A.A., Physiological mechanisms to ensure accuracy and coordination of movements under conditions of unstable equilibrium and moving target (the case of strikes in sports karate), Teor. Prakt. Fiz. Kul’t., 2014, no. 12, p. 22.

  44. Kapilevich, L.V., Lojkina, M.B., and Krivoschekov, S.G., Electrophysiological neuromuscular systemic characteristics of athletes in power training, Hum. Physiol., 2016, vol. 42, no. 4, p. 392.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Balanev, D.Yu., Kapilevich, L.V., and Shil’ko, V.G., Perspectives of application of motor activity monitoring techniques in sport, Teor. Prakt. Fiz. Kul’t., 2015, no. 1, p. 58.

  46. Illarionova, A.V. and Kapilevich, L.V., Distinctive features of intramuscular and intermuscular coordination at power graduation in the context of balance training, Teor. Prakt. Fiz. Kul’t., 2014, no. 12, p. 44.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. National Research Tomsk State University, Tomsk, Russia

    M. B. Lozhkina, S. N. Neupokoev & L. V. Kapilevich

  2. National Research Tomsk Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia

    L. V. Kapilevich

  3. Siberian State Medical University, Tomsk, Russia

    L. V. Kapilevich

  4. Institute of Physiology and Fundamental Medicine, Novosibirsk, Russia

    S. G. Krivoshchekov

Authors
  1. M. B. Lozhkina
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. S. N. Neupokoev
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. S. G. Krivoshchekov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. L. V. Kapilevich
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to L. V. Kapilevich.

Ethics declarations

Conflict of interests. The authors declare that they have no real or potential conflict of interest.

Statement of compliance with standards of research involving humans as subjects. All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments and were approved by the local Ethics Committee at the National Research Tomsk State University (Tomsk). All individual participants involved in the study voluntarily gave their written informed consent after being informed about the potential risks and benefits and the study nature.

Additional information

Translated by T. Tkacheva

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Lozhkina, M.B., Neupokoev, S.N., Krivoshchekov, S.G. et al. Physiological Parameters of the Performance of Ballistic Punch Movements in Athletes. Hum Physiol 46, 149–162 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119720020085

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119720020085

Keywords:

Search

Navigation