Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Human physiology: The kidney

  • Published:
Human Physiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The content of human physiology as an independent part of modern physiology is discussed. It is substantiated that not only special sections of physiology where functions are specific for humans (the physiology of intellectual activity, speech, labor, and sport), but also the characteristics of functions and the specificity of regulation of each of the physiological systems are subjects of human physiology. The boundaries of the norm, the characteristics of regulation in humans, new chapters of renal physiology that appeared due to the achievements of molecular physiology and require fundamentally new approaches are exemplified by the physiology of the kidneys and water-electrolyte balance.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. The Goals and Objectives of the Journal Fiziologiya cheloveka (Human Physiology), Fiziol. Chel., 1975, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 3.

  2. Landois, L. and Roseman, R., Uchebnik po fiziologii cheloveka (Human Physiology Textbook), Shaternikov, M.N., Ed., Moscow: Izd. A.A. Kartseva., 1913.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Fiziologiya cheloveka (Human Physiology), Kositskii, G.I., Ed., 3rd ed., Moscow: Meditsina, 1985.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Fiziologiya cheloveka. Uchebnik (Human Physiology. Textbook), Pokrovskii, V.M. and Korot’ko, G.F., Eds., Moscow: Meditsina, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Fiziologiya cheloveka: v 4 tomakh (Human Physiology: In 4 Volumes), Schmidt, R.F. and Thews, G., Eds., Moscow: Mir, 1985 (Russian translation).

    Google Scholar 

  6. Normal’naya fiziologiya cheloveka (Normal Human Physiology), Tkachenko, B.I., Ed., Moscow: Meditsina, 2005.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sudakov, K.V., Normal’naya fiziologiya (Normal Physiology), Moscow: MIA, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Ginetsinskii, A.G. and Lebedinskii, A.V., Osnovy fiziologii cheloveka i zhivotnykh (Fundamentals of Human and Animal Physiology), Leningrad: Medgiz, 1947.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Comprehensive Human Physiology, Greger, R. and Windhorst, U., Eds., Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 1996, vols. 1–2, p. 2568.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Gaiton, A.K. and Hall, G.E., Meditsinskaya fiziologiya (Medical Physiology), Moscow: Logosfera, 2008 (Russian translation).

    Google Scholar 

  11. Medvedev, V.I., Adaptatsiya cheloveka (Human Adaptation), St. Petersburg: Inst. Hum. Brain, Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ekologicheskaya fiziologiya cheloveka. Adaptatsiya cheloveka k ekstremal’nym usloviyam sredy. (Ecological Human Physiology. Human Adaptation to Extreme Environmental Conditions), Gazenko, O.G., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fiziologiya cheloveka v usloviyakh vysokogorya (Human Physiology under the High Mountains Conditions), Gazenko, O.G., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Mekhanizmy deyatel’nosti mozga cheloveka (Mechanisms of the Activity of the Human Brain), part 1 of Neirofiziologiya cheloveka (Human Neurophysiology), Bekhtereva, N.P., Ed., Leningrad: Nauka, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Medvedev, V.I., Aver’yanov, V.S., Aidaraliev, A.A., et al., Fiziologiya trudovoi deyatel’nosti (Physiology of Labor Activity), St. Petersburg: Nauka, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Ushakov, I.B., Kukushkin, Yu.A., and Bogomolov, A.V., Fiziologiya truda i nadezhnost’ deyatel’nosti cheloveka (Physiology of Labor and Reliability of Human Activity), Grigor’ev, A.I., Ed., Moscow: Nauka, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Orbeli, L.A., Physiology of the Kidneys, in Izbrannye trudy (Selected Works), Moscow, Leningrad: Nauka, 1966, vol. 4, p. 85.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Natochin, Yu.V. and Mukhin, N.A., Vvedenie v nefrologiyu (Introduction to Nephrology), Moscow: GEOTAR, 2007.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kutyrina, I.M. and Mikhailov, A.A., Kidneys and Arterial Hypertension, in Nefrologiya: rukovodstvo dlya vrachei (Nephrology: Handbook for Doctors), Tareeva, I.E., Ed., Moscow: Meditsina, 2000.

    Google Scholar 

  20. DeLuca, H.F., Evolution of Our Understanding of Vitamin D, Nutr. Rev., 2008, vol. 66, no. 10, Suppl. 2, p. S73.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  21. Fisher, J.W., Erythropoietin: Physiology and Pharmacology Update, Exp. Biol. Med., 2003, vol. 228, no. 1, p. 1.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Goncharevskaya, O.A., Shakhmatova, E.I., and Natochin, Yu.V., Modulation of the Effect of Arginine-Vasopressin on Water and Ion Transport in the Newt Early Distal Tubule and Frog Urinary Bladder by V1-Antagonists, Eur. J. Physiol., 1995, vol. 430, p. 1004.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Gozdz, A., Szczepanska-Sadowska, E., Szczepanska, K., et al., Vasopressin V1a, V1b, and V2 Receptors mRNA in the Kidney and Heart of the Renin Transgenic TGR(mRen2)27 and Sprague Dawley Rats J. Physiol. Pharmacol., 2002, vol. 53, p. 349.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  24. Breyer, M.D. and Breyer, R.M., Prostaglandin Receptors: Their Role in Regulating Renal Function, Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens., 2000, vol. 9, no. 1, p. 23.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Kosmicheskaya biologiya i meditsina. Sovmestnoe rossiiskoamerikanskoe izdanie v pyati tomakh (Space Biology and Medicine. Joint Russian-American Edition in Five Volumes), Gazenko, O.G., Grigor’ev, A.I., Nikogosyan, A.E., and Moler, S.R., Eds., vol. 5, Moscow: Nauka, 2009.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Natochin, Yu.V., Physicochemical Determinants of Physiological Evolution: From Protocell to Human, Ross. Fiziol. Zh. im. I.M. Sechenova, 2006, vol. 92, no. 1, p. 57.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  27. Natochin, Yu.V., Ryabov, S.I., Kayukov, I.G., et al., Water-Electrolyte Homeostasis Values and Their Variability, Fiziol. Chel., 1980, vol. 6, no. 4, p. 647.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Natochin, Yu.V., Leach-Khantun, K., and Grigor’ev, A.I., Blood Serum Constants of a Healthy Human: Reaction to a Space Flight, Fiziol. Chel., 1995, vol. 21, no. 5, p. 121.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Natochin, Yu.V., Vilenskii, B.S., Shustin, V.A., et al., Osmolality and Ion Concentration in Liquor and Blood Serum in Epilepsy and Ischemic Stroke, Zh. Nevropatol. Psikhiatr. im. S.S. Korsakova, 1996, vol. 95, no. 5, p. 77.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Barkroft, G., Osnovnye cherty arkhitektury fiziologicheskikh funktsii (The Main Features of the Architecture of Physiological Functions), Moscow-Leningrad: Biomedgiz, 1937.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Khaitov, R.M., Ignat’eva, G.A., and Sidorovich, I.G., Immunologiya. Norma i patologiya (Immunology. Norm and Pathology), Moscow: Meditsina, 2010.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Natochin, Yu.V., The New about the Nature of Regulations in the Human Body, Vestn. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2000, vol. 70, no. 1, p. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Natochin, Yu.V., Architecture of Physiological Functions: The Same Foundation, New Facets, Ross. Fiziol. Zh. im. I.M. Sechenova, 2002, vol. 88, no. 2, p. 129.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Chung, H., Lee, H., Lamoke, F., et al., Neuroprotective Role of Erythropoietin by Antiapoptosis in the Retina, J. Neurosci. Res., 2009, vol. 87, no. 10, p. 2365.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  35. Dame, C., Developmental Biology of Thrombopoietin in the Human Fetus and Neonate, Acta Paediatr. Suppl., 2002, vol. 91, no. 438, p. 54.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Olsen, N.V., Effects of Dopamine on Renal Hemodynamics Tubular Function and Sodium Excretion in Normal Humans, Dan. Med. Bull., 1998, vol. 45, no. 3, p. 282.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Banday, A.A. and Lokhandwala, M.F., Dopamine Receptors and Hypertension, Curr. Hypertens. Rep., 2008, vol. 10, no. 4, p. 268.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  38. Campbell, D.J., The Kallikrein-Kinin System in Humans, Clin. Exp. Pharmacol. Physiol., 2001, vol. 28, no. 12, p. 1060.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Bauer, J.H., Age-Related Changes in the Renin-Aldosterone System. Physiological Effects and Clinical Implications, Drugs Aging, 1993, vol. 3, no. 3, p. 238.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  40. Dusso, A.S., Brown, A.J., and Slatopolsky, E., Vitamin D, Am. J. Physiol. Renal Physiol., 2005, vol. 289, no. 1, p. F8.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Gallieni, M., Cozzolino, M., and Fallabrino, G., Vitamin D: Physiology and Pathophysiology, Int. J. Artif. Organs, 2009, vol. 32, no. 2, p. 87.

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  42. Kohan, D.E., The Renal Medullary Endothelin System in Control of Sodium and Water Excretion and Systemic Blood Pressure, Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens., 2006, vol. 15, no. 1, p. 34.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  43. Antonucci, R., Cuzzolin, L., Arceri, A., and Fanos, V., Urinary Prostaglandin E2 in the Newborn and Infant, Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat., 2007, vol. 84, nos. 1–2, p. 1.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Hao, C.M. and Breyer, M.D., Physiological Regulation of Prostaglandins in the Kidney, Annu. Rev. Physiol., 2008, vol. 70, p. 357.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Herten, M., Lenz, W., Gerzer, R., and Drummer, C., The Renal Natriuretic Peptide Urodilatin Is Present in Human Kidney, Nephrol. Dial Transplant, 1998, vol. 13, no. 10, p. 2529.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  46. Taylor, M.M., Shimosawa, T., and Samson, W.K., Endocrine and Metabolic Actions of Adrenomedullin, The Endocrinologist, 2001, vol. 11, p. 171.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Tuohimaa, P., Vitamin D and Aging, J. Steroid. Biochem. Mol. Biol., 2009, vol. 114, nos. 1–2, p. 78.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Monin, Yu G., Two-Channel Highly Sensitive Adjustment of Determining Blood Plasma Osmolality, V Vsesoyuznaya konferentsiya po fiziologii pochek i vodnosolevogo obmena (V All-Union Conf. on the Physiol. of the Kidneys and Water-Electrolyte Metab.), Leningrad, 1978, p. 93.

  49. Natochin, Yu.V. and Kuznetsova, A.A., Nocturnal Enuresis: Correction of Renal Function by Desmopressin and diclofenac, Pediatr. Nephrol., 2000, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 42.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Kuznetsova, A.A., Shakhmatova, E.I., Prutskova, N.P., and Natochin, Yu.V., Possible Role of Prostaglandins in Pathogenesis of Nocturnal Enuresis in Children, Scand. J. Urol. Nephrol., 2000, vol. 34, no. 1, p. 27.

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Jackson, E.K., Vasopressin and Other Agents Affecting the Renal Conservation of Water, The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics, Hardman, J.G., Goodman Gijman, A., and Limbird, L.E., Eds., 9th ed., N.Y.: McGraw Hill, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Semba, R.D. and Juul, S.E., Erythropoietin in Human Milk: Physiology and Role in Infant Health, J. Hum. Lact., 2002, vol. 18, no. 3, p. 252.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  53. Seliverstova, E.V., Burmakin, M.V., and Natochin, Yu.V., Renal Clearance of Absorbed Intact GFP in the Frog and Rat Intestine, Comp. Physiol. Biochem. A., 2007, vol. 147, p. 1067.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Norma v meditsinskoi praktike. Spravochnoe posobie (The Norm in Medical Practice. Reference Book), Litvinov, A.V. and Evseeva, A.V., Eds., Smolensk: Smolensk Gos. Med. Akad.,1996.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Emanuel’, V.L., Laboratornaya diagnostika zabolevanii pochek (Laboratory Diagnosis of Renal Diseases), St. Petersburg, Tver: Triada, 2006.

    Google Scholar 

  56. Burghardt, D., Dannye laboratornykh issledovanii (Laboratory Investigation Data), Kaliningrad: Yantarnyi Skaz, 2002.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Pogosbekova, M.R., Analiz krovi i mochi. Kak ego interpretirovat’? Sbornik (Blood Test and Urinalysis. How to Interpret Them? Handbook), Kozinets, G.I. and Ginodman, L.M., Eds., Moscow: Mir, 1992.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Natochin, Yu.V., Pochka. Spravochnik vracha (The Kidney. Doctor’s Handbook), Leningrad: S.-Peterb. Gos. Univ., 1997.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Lote, C.J., Principles of Renal Physiology, London: Chapman and Hall, 1990.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Babichev, A.V., Patologiya vodno-elektrolitnogo gomeostaza (Pathology of Water-Electrolyte Homeostasis), St. Petersburg: S.-Peterb. PMA, 2003.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Sallivan, L.P., Physiology of the Kidney, Philadelphia: Lea G. Febiger, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Landowski, C.P., Suzuki, Y., and Hediger, M., The Mammalian Transporter Families, Seldin and Giebischs the Kidney. Physiology and Pathophysiology, 4th ed., Alpern, R.J. and Hebert, St.C., Eds., Amsterdam: Elsevier, 2008.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, 194223, Russia

    Yu. V. Natochin

Authors
  1. Yu. V. Natochin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Original Russian Text © Yu.V. Natochin, 2010, published in Fiziologiya Cheloveka, 2010, Vol. 36, No. 5, pp. 9–18.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Natochin, Y.V. Human physiology: The kidney. Hum Physiol 36, 501–509 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119710050026

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0362119710050026

Key words

Search

Navigation