Abstract
It is shown that flow density must be estimated along with measuring the temperature (or pressure) for monitoring the state of two-phase medium. To this end, it is proposed to use a dielectric constant of coolant. A simple single-parameter relation is proposed, the use of which makes it possible to calculate the density of water and steam with the known values of temperature and dielectric constant in a concrete part of heat-transfer equipment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
M. A. Styrikovich, O. I. Martynova, and Z. L. Miropol’skii, Steam Generation Processes at Power Stations (Energiya, Moscow, 1969) [in Russian].
V. A. Ivanov, Control of Power Units (Mashinostroenie, Leningrad, 1982) [in Russian].
V. K. Sudilovskii, “Physical Prerequisites for Using the Signal Proportional to Quasi Content of Moisture in Steam in the Control Systems of Once-through Steam Generators for Supercritical Parameters,” Teploenergetika, No. 1, 152–155 (1970).
V. I. Subbotin, Yu. E. Pokhvalov, D. E. Mikhailov, “Calculating the Content of Gas in a Mixture during Bubble Flow from the Data of Measurements Carried Out by Resistive and Capacitive Methods,” Teploenergetika, No. 4, 70–75 (1975) [Therm. Eng., No. 4 (1975)].
M. E. Deich and V. A. Golovin, “Studying Fields of Moisture Content in Stages Containing Long Blades Using the Electrical Method of Measuring Local Content of Moisture in Steam,” Nauchn. Trudy TsKTI, issue 65, 33–37 (1966).
B. I. Nigmatulin, A. A. Vinogradov, V. A. Vinogradov, and Sh. E. Kurbanov, “A Procedure for Measuring the Thickness and Wave Characteristics of Liquid Film Surface in a Steam-Water Flow,” Teplofiz. Vys. Temp. 20(6), 1145–1152 (1982).
E. P. Svistunov, B. P. Golubev, and Yu. D. Pigilov, “Estimating the Parameters of a High-Temperature Steam-Water Flow Using Electrical Sounding Methods,” Teploenergetika, No. 3, 67–69 (1980) [Therm. Eng., No. 3 (1980)].
Yu. V. Mulev and A. Yu. Mulev, “Ultra-High-Frequency Method for Diagnostics of Two-Phase State of a Water Coolant,” Teploenergetika, No. 4, 47–50 (2009) [Therm. Eng., No. 4 (2009)].
V. K. Sudilovskii, Using the Signal Proportional to the Content of Moisture in Steam in the Control Systems of Once-Through Steam Generators, Candidate’s Dissertation in Technical Sciences (Kiev, 1968).
Yu. V. Mulev, “Monitoring Steam-Water Flows Using the Dielectric Constant Measurement Method,” Teploenergetika, No. 8, 51–55 (1990) [Therm. Eng., No. 8 (1990)].
Yu. V. Mulev, “Specific Features Relating to Control of the Built-In Separator Used in Once-Through Boiler Units,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Energetika, No. 11, 97–100 (1991).
Yu. V. Mulev, Control of Built-In Separators Used in Once-Through Supercritical-Pressure Boiler Units Using a Direct Signal Proportional to the Content of Moisture in Separated Steam, Candidate’s Dissertation in Technical Sciences (Minsk, 1984).
A. V. Shcherbich, Improving the Control of Built-In Separators Installed in Once-Through Boilers of Large Power Units Using a Signal Proportional to the Wetness in Steam Obtained by the Dielectric Constant Measurement Method, Candidate’s Dissertation in Technical Sciences (Minsk, 1990).
Yu. L. Gruzer, Improving the Technology and Means for Controlling the Thermal State of Steam Superheaters Used in Once-Through Boilers in Starting Modes, Candidate’s Dissertation in Technical Sciences (Minsk, 1991).
B. P. Golubev, Yu. M. Lukashov, S. N. Smirnov, et al., “An Experimental Study of the Dielectric Constant of Steam on the Saturation Line,” Teploenergetika, No. 7, 83–84 (1974) [Therm. Eng., No. 7 (1974)].
B. P. Golubev, S. N. Smirnov, Yu. M. Lukashov, and E. P. Svistunov Electrophysical Methods for Studying the Properties of Coolants (Energoatomizdat, Moscow, 1985) [in Russian].
D. P. Fernandez, Y. Mulev, A. R. H. Goodvin, and J. M. N. Levelt Senders, “A Database for the Static Dielectric Constant of Water and Steam,” J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 24, 33–69 (1995).
M. Uematsu, W. Harder, and E. U. Franck, “The Static Dielectric Constant of Water in Range of Temperature from 0 to 550°C and Pressure Up to 5 kbar,” in Proceedings of the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam, Kyoto, Japan, 1976, p. 32.
Yu. M. Lukashov and V. N. Shcherbakov, “Studying the Dielectric Constant of H2O at Temperatures from 573 to 873 K and Pressures Up to 180 MPa,” Teploenergetika, No. 3, 7–17 (1980) [Therm. Eng., No. 3 (1980)].
D. P. Fernández, A. R. H. Goodwin, E. W. Lemmon, et al., “A Formulation for the Static Permittivity of Water and Steam at Temperatures from 238 to 873 K at Pressures up to 1200 MPa, Including Derivatives and Debye-Huckel Coefficients,” J. Phys. Chem. Ref. Data 26, 1125–1166 (1997).
J. G. Kirkwood, “The Dielectric Polarization of Polar Liquids,” J. Chem. Phys. 7(10), 911–919 (1939).
F. E. Harris, E. W. Haycock, and B. J. Alder, “Pressure Dependence of the Constant of Water and the Volume Contraction of Water and n-Butanol upon Addition of Electrolyte,” J. Phys. Chem. 57(9), 978–980 (1953).
Yu. V. Mulev and S. N. Smirnov, “A Procedure for Calculating the Dielectric Constant of Water up to 923 K and 1 GPa,” Teplofyz. Vys. Temp., No. 1, 58–68 (1992).
Yu. V. Mulev, Using the Electrophysical Properties of Coolants at Thermal and Nuclear Power Stations in Developing Modern Diagnostic Systems, Doctoral Dissertation in Technical Sciences (Moscow, 1992).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © Yu.V. Mulev, O.V. Belyaeva, M.Yu. Mulev, V.V. Saplitsa, T.A. Zayats, 2011, published in Teploenergetika.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mulev, Y.V., Belyaeva, O.V., Mulev, M.Y. et al. Dielectric constant as one of the main parameters used to monitor the state of working fluid. Therm. Eng. 58, 572–576 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601511070111
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0040601511070111