Abstract
The coagulation ability of organic and inorganic quaternary ammonium salts is assessed comparatively. It is found that the replacement of a hydrogen atom in ammonium chloride with an alkyl radical decreases the consumption of the coagulation agent. The best results are achieved when tetraethylammonium chloride is used as a coagulant. The resulting rubbers and vulcanizates meet the requirements according to their main indicators.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
REFERENCES
Papkov, V.N., Rivin, E.M., and Blinov, E.V., Butadien-stirol’nye kauchuki. Sintez i svoistva (Butadien-Styrene Rubbers. Synthesis and Properties), Voronezh: VGUIT, 2015.
Kornev, A.E., Bukanov, A.M., and Sheverdyaev, O.N., Tekhnologiya elastomernykh materialov (Technology of Elastomeric Materials), Kornev, A.E., Ed., Moscow: Istek, 2009.
Shul’gina, Yu.E. and Nikulin, S.S., Fizicheskie i akusticheskie vozdeistviya v proizvodstve kauchukov (Physical and Acoustic Treatment in Rubber Production), London: LAP, 2017.
Raspopov, I.V., Nikulin, S.S., Ryl’kov, A.A., and Shapovalova, N.N., Improving equipment and technology for extraction of emulsion rubbers from latexes, Proizvod. Ispol’z. Elastomerov, 1997, no. 12, pp. 3–6.
Verezhnikov, V.N. and Nikulin, S.S., Application of nitrogen-containing compounds for isolation of synthetic rubbers from latexes, Khim. Prom-st. Segodnya, 2004, no. 11, pp. 26–37.
Nikulin, S.S. and Akatova, I.N., Influence of the coagulating agent nature on the process of rubber isolation from latex, Khim. Tekhnol., 2004, no. 12, pp. 11–13.
Glinka, N.L., Khimiya: uchebnik dkya studentov vuzov (Chemistry: Textbook for Students of Higher Schools), Popkov, V.A. and Babkov, A.V., Eds., Moscow: URAIT, 2011.
Nechaev, A.P. and Bolotov, V.M., Organicheskaya khimiya (Organic Chemistry), Moscow: DeLi, 2014.
Vasilenko, V.I., Ul’yanova, M.A., and Zvolinskii, V.P., Chemical-technological foundations of ammonium seltpetre production, Nauka Obraz. Segodnya, 2016, no. 6, pp. 13–18.
Ovchinnikov, V.I. and Ruchinskii, V.P., Proizvodstvo kaprolaktama (Production of Caprolactam), Moscow: Khim., 1977.
Nikulin, S.S., Verezhnikov, V.N., and Poyarkova, T.N., Ammonium chloride as coagulating agent for isolation of emulsion rubbers from latexes, Khim Tekhnol., 2005, vol. 6, no. 9, pp. 16–19.
Shul’gina, Yu.E., Ecological aspect of manufacturing butadiene-styrene emulsion rubber in the presence of ammonium quaternary salts, Eur. Soc. Sci. J., 2014, vol. 42, nos. 3–2, pp. 539–543.
Nikulin, S.S., Based on tetraethyl ammonium bromide coagulating agent in manufacturing butadiene–styrene emulsion rubbers, Zh. Prikl. Khim., 1999, vol. 72, no. 7, pp. 1188–1192.
Poyarkova, T.N., Nikulin, S.S., Pugacheva, I.N., Kudrina, G.V., and Filimonova, O.N., Praktikum po kolloidnoi khimii lateksov) (Tutorial on Colloidal Chemistry of Latexes), Moscow: Akad. Estestvozn., 2011.
Funding
This work was supported by ongoing institutional funding. No additional grants to carry out or direct this particular research were obtained.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Ethics declarations
The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.
Additional information
Translated by A. Tulyabaew
Publisher’s Note.
Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Nikulina, N.S., Vlasova, L.A., Verezhnikov, V.N. et al. Ammonium Salts in the Production of Emulsion Rubbers. Theor Found Chem Eng 57, 1094–1097 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1134/S004057952305024X
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S004057952305024X