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Comparative Characteristics of the Enthalpy Parameters of Interaction between Urea and Tetramethylurea Molecules in Formamide, Ethylene Glycol, and Water at 298.15 K

  • ON THE 90th ANNIVERSARY OF THE BIRTH OF G.A. KRESTOV
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Abstract

Enthalpies of dilution of solutions of urea (U) in formamide (FA) and ethylene glycol (EG), and solutions of tetramethylurea (TMU) in FA, are measured at 298.15 K to study displays of solvophilic and solvophobic effects in solvents with a spatial hydrogen-bond network. Homotactic enthalpic coefficients of pair (h22) and triple (h222) interactions between solvated molecules of the solute (U or TMU) are calculated from the calorimetric results. Calculated values are compared to literature data for U and TMU solutions in water (H2O) and TMU solutions in EG. It is established that unlike the effects of 2–2 interaction in (EG + U) and (H2O + U) systems, the h22 parameter for U in FA has a positive sign and is quite low in absolute value (~160 J kg mol−2). It is therefore concluded that there is complementarity in Н-bond-associated structures of the solvent (in bulk) and the U–FA solvatocomplex formed in it. The character of distribution of the h22 values for TMU in the FA (~587) < EG (~649) \( \ll \) H2O (~2346 J kg mol−2) series of solvating media is evidence of the considerably greater role of solvophobic effects in aqueous solution.

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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

The authors are grateful to A.V. Kustov for his assistance in interpreting our experimental and analytical results.

The chemicals used in our experiments were tested on equipment at the Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry’s Upper Volga Regional Center of Physicochemical Research.

Funding

This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, project no. 18-03-00016-a.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 153045, Ivanovo, Russia

    D. V. Batov & E. V. Ivanov

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  1. D. V. Batov
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  2. E. V. Ivanov
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Correspondence to D. V. Batov.

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Translated by Z. Smirnova

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Batov, D.V., Ivanov, E.V. Comparative Characteristics of the Enthalpy Parameters of Interaction between Urea and Tetramethylurea Molecules in Formamide, Ethylene Glycol, and Water at 298.15 K. Russ. J. Phys. Chem. 96, 691–695 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024422040069

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