Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ontogeny of Larval Pearl-Spotted Killifish Paraphanius mento (Aphaniidae) Distributed in the Nemrut Crater Lake (Eastern Turkiye): A Histological and Microscopic Perspective

  • Published:
Journal of Ichthyology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In this study, it was aimed to determine the larval ontogeny of Paraphanius mento (Heckel, 1843), which is distributed in Nemrut Crater Lake (Bitlis, Turkiye). Additionally, embryonic and larval development stages were evaluated microscopically and histologically. Filamentous and sticky fertilized eggs has a diameter of 1.251 ± 0.316 mm with the inclusion of 8−12 oil droplets have started to hatch approximately 11 days after spawning at 23.5°C. It was determined that newly hatched larvae have a total length of around 3.695 ± 0.225 mm (n = 20), have started exogenous feeding at 3 day after hatching and started to take particulate baits at the end of 10 day after hatching. Digestive tract differentiation, hepatopancreas, digestive tubes and gill arches formations were examined by taking histological sections in early life stages.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.
Fig. 4.
Fig. 5.
Fig. 6.
Fig. 7.
Fig. 8.
Fig. 9.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Arik, R.O., Examination of the reproduction, embryo and larvae development of the jaguar cichlid (Parachromis managuensis Günther, 1867) of central America cichlid fish (in Turkish), M. Sci. Thesis, Ordu University, Inst. of Science, 2013.

  2. Barman, D., Kumar, V., Kumar, A., et al., Larval development and embryonic study on Colisa fasciatus: A potential indigenous ornamental fish of North-East India, Adv. Appl. Sci. Res., 2013, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 479–483.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bayçelebi, E., Distribution and diversity of fish from Seyhan, Ceyhan and Orontes river systems, Zoosystem. Evol., 2020, vol. 96, no. 2, pp. 747–767.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Byrne, D.M., Life history of the spotfin killifish, Fundulus luciae (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae), in Fox Creek Marsh, Virginia, Estuaries, 1978, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 211–227. https://doi.org/10.2307/1351523

  5. Cunha, I., and Planas, M., Optimal prey size for early turbot larvae (Scophthalmus maximus L.) based on mouth and ingested prey size, Aquaculture, 1999, vol. 175, no. 1–2, pp. 103–110. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0044-8486(99)00040-X

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Cunningham, J.E., and Balon, E.K., Early ontogeny of Adinia xenica (Pisces, Cyprinodontiformes): 1. The development of embryos in hiding, Environ. Biol. Fish., 1985, vol. 14, no. 2–3, pp. 115–166. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00000821

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Çelik, İ., Önal, U., and Cirik, Ş., Determinated effects of some factors on reproduction on discus (Symphysodon spp.), J. Fish. Sci., 2008, vol. 2, no. 3, pp. 419–426. https://doi.org/10.3153/jfscom.mug.200731

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. Çelik, P., Çelik, İ., and Cirik, Ş., Allometric growth in black neon tetra (Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi) larvae (in Turkish), Alinteri, 2011, vol. 20, pp. 25–32. doi 2378/30442

  9. Çiçek, E., Sungur, S., and Fricke, R., Freshwater lampreys and fishes of Turkey: A revised and updated annotated checklist, Zootaxa, 2020, vol. 4809, no. 2, pp. 241–270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. Çildir, H., Introduction of exotic vertebrates in Turkey: A review and an assesment of their impact, M. Sci. Thesis, Middle East Technical Univ., Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences, 2001.

  11. Elp, M., Şen, F., and Çetinkaya, O., The problems encountered by fish populations living in Lake Van basin and their possible solutions, EU J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2006, vol. 23, no. 1/3, pp. 407–412.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Ergüden, S.A., Some morphometrics features of Aphanius mento (Heckel, 1843) in Seyhan Reservoir (Adana), Düzce Univ. J. Sci. Technol., 2015, vol. 3, pp. 100–106. doi 4809/66258

  13. Esmaeili, H.R., Teimori, A., Gholami, Z., et al., Re-validation and re-description of an endemic and endangered species, Aphanius pluristriatus (Jenkins, 1910) (Teleostei, Cyprinodontiade), from southern Iran, Zootaxa, 2012, vol. 320, pp. 58–67. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3208.1.4

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Fricke, R., Eschmeyer, W.N., and Van der Laan, R., Eschmeyer’s Catalog of Fishes: Genera, Species, References, 2023. http://researcharchive.calacademy.org.

  15. Furness, A.I., The evolution of an annual life cycle in killifish: Adaptation to ephemeral aquatic environments through embryonic diapause, Biol. Rev., 2016, vol. 91, no. 3, pp. 796–812. https://doi.org/10.1111/brv.12194

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Gosh, S., Sinha, A., and Sahu, C., Dietary probiotic supplementation in growth and health of live-bearing ornamental fishes, Aquacult. Nutrit., 2008, vol. 14, pp. 289–299. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2095.2007.00529.x

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Hekimoğlu, M.A., The situation of aquarium sector in the world and Turkey, EU J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2006, vol. 23, no. 1/2, pp. 237–241.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Huber, J. H., Killi-Data 1996. Updated Checklist of Taxonomic Names, Collecting Localities and Bibliographic References of Oviparous Cyprinodont fishes (Atherinomorpha, Pisces, Paris: Société Française d’Ichtyologie, Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle. Huysentruyt, F., Moerkerke, B., Devaere, S., and Adriaens, D., Early development and allometric growth in the armouredcatfish Corydoras aeneus (Gill, 1858), Hydrobiologia, 2009, vol. 627, pp. 45–54. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-009-9714-z

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. Ilhan, A., Balik, S., and Sari, H.M., Recent distribution and conservation status of endemic freshwater fishes from Central and Western Anatolia, Istanbul Univ. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2014, vol. 29, no. 2, pp. 9–34.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Keivany, Y. and Soofiani, N.M., Contribution to the biology of Zagros tooth-carp, Aphanius vladykovi (Cyprinodontidae) in central Iran, Environ. Biol. Fish., 2004, vol. 71, pp. 165–169. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-004-0106-y

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Kucharczyk, D., Targońska, K., Zarski, D., et al., The reproduction of neon tetra, Paracheirodon innesi (Myers, 1936), under controlled conditions, Pol. J. Natur. Sci., 2010, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 81–92. https://doi.org/10.2478/v10020-010-0006-x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Küçük, F. and İkiz, R., Fish fauna of streams discharging to Antalya Bay, EU J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2004, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 287–294.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Kurttaş, T., and Tezcan, L., Water resources potential of Nemrut Caldera Lakes, Süleyman Demirel Univ. J. Nat. Appl. Sci., 2018, vol. 22, no. 2, pp. 823–831. https://doi.org/10.19113/sdufbed.93985

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Masoudi, M., Esmaeili, H.R., and Ebrahimi, M., Embryology and early ontogeny of an endemic tooth-carp fish, Aphanius sophiae (Heckel, 1847), J. Appl. Ichthyol., 2017, vol. 34, pp. 622–632. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13630

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Monsefi, M., Gholami, Z., and Esmaeili, H.R., Histological and morphological studies of digestive tube and liver of the Persian tooth-carp, Aphanius persicus (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontidae), Istanbul Univ. Faculty Sci. J. Biol., 2010, vol. 69, no. 1, pp. 57–64. doi 9054/112925

  26. Moore, J.L., Aros, M., Steudel, K.G., and Cheng, K.C., Fixation and decalcification of adult Zebrafish for histological, immunocytochemical and genotypic analysis, BioTechniques, 2002, vol. 32, no. 2, pp. 296–298. https://doi.org/10.2144/02322st03

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Motamedi, M., Teimori, A., Masoumi, A.H., et al., Early embryonic development of brackish water Killifish Aphanius hormuzensis (Teleostei, Aphaniidae) inhabiting coastal environment in Southern Iran, J. Appl. Ichthyol., 2019, vol. 35, pp. 1260–1268. https://doi.org/10.1111/jai.13955

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. Önal, U., The dependence on the use of live feed organisms is a major drawback for the extensive use of microparticulate diets in the mass culture of marine fish larvae, EU J. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 2006, vol. 23, no. 2, pp. 275–278.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Önal, U., Langdon, C., and Çelik, İ., Ontogeny of the digestive tract of larval percula clownfish, Amphiprion percula (Lacépède 1802): A histological perspective, Aquacult. Res., 2008, vol. 39, no. 10, pp. 1077–1086. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2109.2008.01968.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. Özdemir, Y., Karaoğlu, Ö., Tolluoğlu, A. Ü., and Güleç, N., Volcano—stratigraphy and petrogenesis of the Nemrut stratovolcano (East Anatolian High Plateau): The most recent post-collisional volcanism in Turkey, Chem. Geol, 2006, vol. 226, pp. 189–211.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Özen, M.R. and Timur, G., A study on the embryonic and larval development of the artificially propagated eggs of Alburnus orontisand and Phoxinellus handlirschi, Turk. J. Biol., 1999, vol. 23, no. 3, pp. 339–356.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Park, J.M., Kim, N.R., Han, K.H., et al., Spawning behavior, egg development, larvae and juvenile morphology of Hyphessobrycon eques (Pisces: Characidae) characidae fishes, Dev. Reprod., 2014, vol. 18, no. 4, pp. 241–249.https://doi.org/10.12717/DR.2014.18.4.241

    Article  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  33. Person-Le Ruyet, J., Fischer, C., and Thébaud L., Sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) weaning and ongrowing onto Sevbar, in Fish Nutrition in Practice, Paris: Les Colloques, 1993, pp. 623–628.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ramezani-Fard, E., Kamarudin, M S., Harmin, S.A., et al., Ontogenic development of the mouth and digestive tract in larval Malaysian mahseer, Tor tambroides Bleeker, J. Appl, Ichthyol., 2011, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 920–927. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0426.2010.01598.x

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. Riar, M.G., Ara, R., Amin, S.M.N., et al., Mouth morphological development of Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) larvae collected from Meghna Estuary, Bangladesh, J. Environ. Biol., 2018, vol. 39, no. 5, pp. 877–882. doi 20.50https://doi.org/10.12348/1190

  36. Santos, A.E., Pedreira, M.M., Santos, T.G., et al., Development of the digestive system in larvae of the Neotropical fish Prochilodus argenteus (Characiformes, Prochilodontidae), Acta Sci., 2016, vol. 38, no. 1, pp. 9–16.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Sarasquete, M.C., Polo, A., and Yüfera, M., Histology and histochemistry of the development of the digestive system of larval gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata. L., Aquaculture, 1995, vol. 130, pp. 79–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/0044-8486(94)00175-N

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Savaş, E. and Timur, M., Microscopic investigation of rmbryologic and larval development on the Street Sweeper (Corydoras paleatus, Jenyns 1842) (In Turkish), J. Fac. Veterinary Med. Istanbul Univ., 2006, vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 47–56.https://doi.org/10.16988/iuvfd.78071

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Sezen, S., The determination embriyolojic and larval development stages of Aphanius mento (Heckel, 1843) in spring Kirkgöz, M. Sci. Thesis, Süleyman Demirel Univ., Institute of Sci., 2011.

  40. Sezen, S., and Olmez, M., Production of Aphanius mento (Heckel, 1843) under controlled conditions, Aquacult., Aquarium, Conserv. Legislat., 2012, vol. 5, no. 2, pp. 94–98.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Steyn, G.J., Gagiano, C.L., Deacon, A.R., and Preez, H.H., Notes on the induced reproduction and development of the tigerfish, Hydrocynus vittatus (Characidae), embryos and larvae, Environ. Biol. Fish., 1996, vol. 47, no. 4, pp. 387–398. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00005052

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. Ünal, G., Fish biology research methods, in Histological Techniques in Fish, Karataş, M., Ed., Ankara: Nobel Acad. Publ., no. 1, pp. 303–360.

  43. Vahed, N.S., Esmaeili, H.R., Masoudi, M., and Ebrahimi, M., Towards the conservation of a critically endangered species, Aphanius farsicus: Embryogenesis and development, Environ. Biol. Fish., 2018, vol. 101, pp. 193–202. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10641-017-0691-1

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Wildekamp, R.H., Küçük, F., Ünlüsayin, M., and Neer, W.V., Species and subspecies of the genus Aphanius Nardo 1897 (Pisces: Cyprinodontidae) in Turkey, Turk. J. Zool., 1999, vol. 23, pp. 23–44.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

Thanks to Prof. Dr. Ahmet Regaib Oguz and Dr. Burcu Ergoz for their valuable contribution to this work. And we also thank the editorial team and referees for their valuable help and suggestions in editing this article.

Funding

This study was funded by Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Scientific Research Projects Department, grant no # FDK-2019-7979 as a part of PhD thesis.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Fisheries Faculty, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey

    A. Sepil & F. Şen

Authors
  1. A. Sepil
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. F. Şen
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Sepil.

Ethics declarations

ETHICS APPROVAL AND CONSENT TO PARTICIPATE

This study was approved by Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Animal Researches Local Ethic Committee in the season held on 28/07/2020 (decision no2020/07-11). All applicable international, national, and/or institutional guidelines for the care and use of animals were followed.

CONFLICT OF INTEREST

The authors of this work declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note.

Pleiades Publishing remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sepil, A., Şen, F. Ontogeny of Larval Pearl-Spotted Killifish Paraphanius mento (Aphaniidae) Distributed in the Nemrut Crater Lake (Eastern Turkiye): A Histological and Microscopic Perspective. J. Ichthyol. (2024). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945224020139

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945224020139

Keywords:

Search

Navigation