Abstract
Mechanisms of formation of phenotypic groups of fingerlings of the Atlantic salmon are investigated, related to diversity of embryos and subsequent start possibilities of dispersion of larvae to microbiotopes differing in their life conditions. The fingerlings of salmon, which after hatching and dissolution of the yolk sac moved from the mainstream of the Varzuga River to mouths of its tributaries, had an increased level of triacylglycerols and a higher growth rate than the juveniles remaining in the coastal zone of the river. The revealed differences between the compared groups of fingerlings by the spectrum of stock and structural lipids are mainly connected with distinctions of feeding of juveniles of the same age. The found stable differences by lipid spectra in fingerlings of salmon from the investigated biotopes of the Varzuga in July, August, and October are considered as biochemical prerequisites of the origin of different phenotypic groups of juveniles. Subdivision of fingerlings into phenotypic groups may further on influence the oncoming of the smoltification time of juveniles at the age 2+, 3+, and 4+. Accordingly, this is reflected in formation of the complex age structure (by the number of years spent in the river and in the sea) of the Varzuga population of Atlantic salmon.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
A. Arduini, A. Peschechera, S. Dottori, et al., “High Performance Liquid Chromatography of Long-Chain Acylcarnitine and Phospholipids in Fatty Acid Turnover Studies,” J. Lipid Res. 37(2), 684–689 (1996).
I. A. Baryshev, “Amphibiotic Insects of Rearing Sites of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon in the Varzuga River Basin,” in Materials of II All-Russia Symposium on Vseross. Amphibiotic and Aquatic Insects (Voronezh, 2004), pp. 7–13.
I. A. Baryshev and A. E. Veselov, “The Effect of Feeding Conditions on the Distribution of Juvenile Salmon in the Varzugia River Basin (Kola Peninsula),” in Abstracts of Papers, International Conference on Trophic Relations in Aquatic Communities and Ecosystems (Borok, 2003), p. 6.
A. A. Boldyrev, Biological Membranes and Ion Transport (Mosk. Gos. Univ., Moscow, 1985) [in Russian].
R. G. H. Downer, “Lipid Metabolism,” in Comprehensive Insect Physiology, Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Biochemistry 10, 77–113 (1985).
J. Folch, M. Lees, and Stanley G.H. Sloane, “A Simple Method for the Isolation and Purification of Total Lipids from Animal Tissues,” J. Biol. Chem. 226(5), 497–509 (1957).
E. V. Gubler and A. A. Genkin, The Use of Criteria of Nonparametric Statistics for the Assessment of Differences between Two Groups of Observations in Biomedical Studies (Meditsina, Moscow, 1969) [in Russian].
R. V. Kazakov, “Juvenile Atlantic Salmon in the Varzuga River,” J. Fish. Biol. 45, 467–477 (1994).
R. V. Kazakov and A. E. Veselov, “Regularities of Smoltification of Atlantic Salmon,” in Atlantic Salmon (Nauka, St. Petersburg, 1998), pp. 195–241.
M. H. A. Keenleyside, “Skin-Diving Observations of Atlantic Salmon and Brook Trout in the Miramichi River, New Brunswick,” J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 19(4), 625–634 (1962).
V. V. Khrennikov, “Benthos of Tributaries of Onega Lake,” in Salmon Rivers of Onega Lake. Biological Conditions, Use (Nauka, Leningrad, 1978), pp. 41–50.
I. K. Kolomiitseva, N. I. Perepelkina, I. V. Patrushev, and V. I. Popov, “Role of Lipids in Assembly of Endoplasmic Reticulum and Dictyosomes of Neuronal Cells of Cerebral Cortex in Yakutian Souslik Citellus undulates during Hibernation,” Biokhimiya 68(7), 954–967 (2003).
A. S. Konstantinov, V. V. Zdanovich, and Yu. N. Kalashnikov, “The Effect of Temperature Change on the Growth of Eurythermal and Stenothermal Fish,” Vopr. Ikhtiol. 27(6), 971–977 (1987).
A. S. Konstantinov, V. V. Zdanovich, and D. G. Tikhomirov, “The Effect of Temperature Oscillations on Metabolism Intensity and Energetics of Juvenile Fish,” Vopr. Ikhtiol. 27(6), 1019–1027 (1989).
Z. I. Krutetskaya and O. E. Lebedev, “Arachidic Acid and Its Products: The Ways of Formation and Metabolism in Cells,” Tsitologiya 35(11/12), 3–27 (1992).
D. J. Lee, J. N. Roehm, T. C. Yu, and R. O. Sinnhuber, “Effect of the 3 Fatty Acids on the Growth Rate of Rainbow Trout Salmo gairdneri,” J. Nutr. 92, 93–98 (1967).
I. I. Makarova and M. Yu. Golovko, “Asymmetry of the Source of Secondary Messengers—Phosphatidilinosite of Cerebral Cortex in Rats at Intensification of Geomagnetic Activity,” in Materials of the Conference on Urgent Issues of Functional Interhemispheric Asymmetry (Moscow, 2001), pp. 103–104.
G. G. Novikov, Growth and Energetics of Development of Bony Fish in Early Ontogenesis (Editorial URSS, Moscow, 2000) [in Russian].
R. G. Parnova, “Lipids of Insects, Long-Chain Polynonsaturated Fatty Acids and Their Functional ‘Role,’” Zh. Evol. Biokhim. Fiziol. 22(1), 74–83 (1986).
D. S. Pavlov, A. D. Mochek, and S. N. Kapustin, “Daily Distribution of Fish in a River According to Data of Underwater Observations,” Vopr. Ikhtiol. 21(1), 177–180 (1981).
D. S. Pavlov, O. V. Meshcheryakova, A. E. Veselov, et al., “Indices of Energy Metabolism in Juvenile Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar L.) Inhabiting the Main Channel and Tributary of the Varzuga River (Kola Peninsula),” Vopr. Ikhtiol. 47(6), 819–826 (2007).
O. F. Sakun, “Transition of Ovarian Follicles in Bony Fish from Growth to Maturation and the Effect of Radiation on This Process,” Tr. Inst. Biol. Nauchno-Issled. Inst. Leningr. Gos. Univ. 28, 78–98 (1978).
V. S. Sidorov, Ecological Biochemistry of Fish. Lipids (Nauka, Leningrad, 1983) [in Russian].
V. S. Sidorov, E. I. Lizenko, O. M. Bolgova, and Z. A. Nefedova, “Lipids in Fish. 1. Methods of Analysis. Tissue Specificity of Lipids in European Cisco Coregonus albula L.,” in Salmonidae of Karelia (Karel. Fil. AN SSSR, Petrozavodsk, 1972), pp. 150–163.
Yu. A. Shustov, Ecological Features and Behavior of Juvenile Atlantic Salmon in Rivers of Karelia and Kola Peninsula (KarNTs RAN, Petrozavodsk, 1987) [in Russian].
L. M. Sushchenya, “Growth of Aquatic Animals under Varying Temperatures,” Tr. Vsesoyuz. Gidrobiol. O-va. Elementy Vodn. Ekosist. 22, 140–150 (1978).
E. P. Tsyganov, “Method of Direct Methylation of Lipids after TSKh without Elution from Silica Gel,” Labor. Delo, No. 8, 490–493 (1971).
A. E. Veselov, Doctoral Dissertation in Biology (IPEE RAN, Moscow, 2006).
A. E. Veselov and S. M. Kalyuzhin, Ecology, Behavior, and Distribution of Atlantic Salmon (Kareliya, Petrozavodsk, 2001) [in Russian].
J. W. J. Wankowski and J. E. Ohorpe, “Spatial Distribution and Feeding in Atlantic Salmon, Salmo salar Juveniles” J. Fish. Biol. 142(3), 239–248 (1979).
A. V. Zubchenko, A. E. Veselov, and S. M. Kalyuzhin, Biological Bases of Control of Atlantic Salmon Stock in the Varzuga River and in the Varzuga Fish Commercial Area. Practical Recommendations (Ostland, Murmansk-Petrozavodsk, 2002) [in Russian].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Original Russian Text © D.S. Pavlov, Z.A. Nefedova, A.E. Veselov, N.N. Nemova, T.R. Ruokolainen, O.B. Vasil’eva, P.O. Ripatti, 2008, published in Voprosy Ikhtiologii, 2008, Vol. 48, No. 5, pp. 679–685.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pavlov, D.S., Nefedova, Z.A., Veselov, A.E. et al. Lipid status of fingerlings of the Atlantic salmon Salmo salar from different microbiotopes of the Varzuga River. J. Ichthyol. 48, 648–654 (2008). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945208080110
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0032945208080110