Abstract
Changes in the deformation behavior of steel solids and their properties have been considered after different methods of surface treatment (carburizing, nitriding, bombardment with low-energy ions, epilam application). Distinctions between concepts “structural strength of a material” and “structural strength of a workpiece” have been illustrated. It has been shown that, at the same material structural strength, the metal mechanical characteristics of a finished metal workpiece (i.e., the workpiece’s structural strength) change cardinally depending on the genesis of the modified layer (features of the structure that arise at the surface) and its contribution to the general state of the workpiece. After ion bombardment (layer thickness less than 1 μm) for the same material with the full retention of its structural strength, we can obtain in workpieces of the material either a very high (25–40%) strengthening without reducing plasticity or huge growth in the plasticity (increase in the elongation by a factor of 1.6) with enhanced strength. The effect is due to the nondislocation mechanism of plastic deformation of the surface layer nanostructurized upon ion bombardment and competition between strengthening and plasticizing depending on the magnitude of its contribution. The effectiveness of the strengthening action of ion bombardment is shown on connecting rod bolts 10 mm in diameter; the plasticizing effect is observed on thin sheet cold-rolled steels (improved stampability).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
H. Gleiter, “Nanostructured materials: Basic concepts and microstructure,” Acta Mater. 48, 157–163 (2000).
J. Weissmüller and J. Markmann, “Deforming nanocrystalline metals: New insights, new puzzles,” Adv. Eng. Mater. 7, 202–207 (2005).
V. A. Pozdnyakov and A. M. Glezer, “Structural mechanisms of plastic deformation in nanocrystalline materials”, Phys. Solid State 44, 732–737 (2002).
Yu. I. Golovin, The Foundations of Nanotechnologies (Mashinostroenie, Moscow, 2012) [in Russian].
A. F. Ioffe, “Mechanical properties of crystals,” Usp. Fiz. Nauk 8, 441–482 (1928).
P. A. Rebinder and E. D. Shchukin, “Surface phenomena in solids during their deformation and failure”, Phys.–Usp. 15, 533–554 (1973).
V. I. Likhtman, P. A. Rebinder, and G. V. Karpenko, Effect of Surface-Active Medium on Processes of Metal Deformation (Nauka, Moscow, 1954) [in Russian].
V. P. Alekhin, Physics of Strength and Plasticity of Surface Layers of Metals (Nauka, Moscow, 1983) [in Russian].
V. E. Panin and A. V. Panin, “Effect of surface layer in deformed solid,” Fiz. Mezomekh. 8, 7–15 (2005).
V. E. Panin, “Surface layers as synergetic activator of plastic yielding of loaded solid,” Metal Sci. Heat Treat. 47, 312–318 (2005).
V. E. Panin, V. P. Sergeev, A. V. Panin, and Yu. I. Pochivalov, “Nanostructuring of surface layers and production of nanostructured coatings as an effective method of strengthening modern structural and tool materials,” Phys. Met. Metallogr. 104, 627–636 (2007).
V. I. Shabalin, “On the mechanism of plastic deformation of metals,” Dokl. Akad. Nauk SSSR 144, 551–554 (1962).
L. M. Blinov, “Langmuir films”, Sov. Phys. Usp. 31, 623–644 (1988).
S. I. Goloudina, V. V. Luchinin, V. M. Pasyuta, V. V. Rozanov, V. P. Sklizkova, V. V. Kudryavtsev, A. A. Levin, D. C. Meyer, and P. Paufler, “Specific structural features of Langmuir–Blodgett films of a rigid-chain polyimide,” Russ. J. Appl. Chem. 78, 1474–1478 (2005).
I. S. Tatarkina, “Increase of exploitation properties of resources of starting details and technologic characteristics of materials by modification of surface including nanostructuration,” Extended Abstracts, Candidate Sci. (Eng.) Dissertation (Kharkov Nats. Tekh. Univ., Kharkov, 2015).
S. S. D’yachenko and I. V. Ponomarenko, “New aspect of ion-plasma treatment,” Metalloved. Term. Obrab. Metal. No. 3, 53–56 (2009).
S. S. D’yachenko, I. V. Ponomarenko, and S. N. Dub, “Role of steel object surface condition on behavior during deformation,” Metal Sci. Heat Treat. 57, 245–253 (2015).
S. S. D’yachenko, N. G. Aleksandrov, E. L. Miloslavskaya, and V. A. Zolot’ko, Hydropressing as Low-Waste Method of Production of Articles with Improved Properties (Osnova, Kharkov, 1991) [in Russian].
M. L. Bernshtein, V. A. Zaimovskii, and L. A. Kaputkina, Thermomechanical Treatment of Steel (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1983) [in Russian].
R. Z. Valiev and I. V. Aleksandrov, Nanostructured Materials Obtained by Severe Plastic Deformation (Logos, Moscow, 2000) [in Russian].
F. Z. Utyashev, “Nanostructurization of metallic materials by severe plastic deformation,” Fiz. Tekhn. Vys. Davl. 20, 7–25 (2010).
V. M. Matsevityi, Coatings for Cutting Instruments (Vysshaya Shkola, Kharkov, 1987) [in Russian].
A. Vakhidov and L. Dobrovol’skii, “Epilaming: Effective method of production of nanofilms, ” Nanoindustry 34 (4), 32–35 (2012).
Yu. P. Sharkeev, A. N. Didenko, and E. V. Kozlov, “Dislocation structures and strengthening of ionimplanted metals and alloys,” Russ. Phys. J. 37, 478–490 (1994).
E. V. Kozlov, I. V. Tereshko, and N. A. Popova, “Changes produced by a low-energy plasma in the surface layers and bulk properties of metals and alloys,” Russ. Phys. J. 37, 506–516 (1994).
S. N. Dub and N. V. Novikov, “Testing of solids on nanohardness,” Sverkhtverdye Mater. No. 6, 16–33 (2004).
S. A. Firstov and T. G. Rogul’, “Theoretical (limiting) hardness,” Dokl. Nats. Akad. Nauk Ukrainy No. 4, 110–116 (2007).
Yu. V. Baranov, Ioffe Effect in Metals (Mosk. Gos. Industr. Univ., Moscow, 2005) [in Russian].
R. A. Andrievski and A. M. Glezer, “Strength of nanostructures,” Phys.–Usp. 52, 315–334 (2009).
R. A. Andrievski and A. M. Glezer, “Size effects in nanocrystalline materials: II. Mechanical and physical properties,” Phys. Met. Metallogr. 89, 83–102 (2000).
Y. F. Shen, L. Lu, Q. H. Lu, Z. H. Jin, and K. Lu, “Tensile properties of copper with nano-scale twins,” Scr. Mater. 52, 989–994 (2005).
A. B. Yurkova, A. B. Belotskii, A. B. Bykova, and Yu. V. Mil’man, “Mechanical properties of iron nanostructures obtained by friction severe plastic deformation,” Nanosist., Nanomater., Nanotekhnol. 7, 610–632 (2009).
I. V. Doshchechkina, S. S, D’yachenko, I. V. Ponomarenko, and I. S. Tatarkina, “Improving the plasticity of thin cold-rolled steel sheet for cold stamping,” Steel Transl. 46, 364–367 (2016).
I. R. Kramer and L. I. Demer, Effect of Medium on Mechanical Properties of Metals (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1964) [in Russian].
V. M. Azhazha and G.P. Kovtun, Effect of Solid Surface Films on the Mechanical Properties of Metals (NNTs Khar. Fiz.-Tekh. Inst. Akad. Nauk USSR, Kharkov, 1976) [in Russian].
I. V. Ponomarenko, S. S. D’yachenko, M. A, Podrygailo et al., “Method of increasing structural strengh of steel products,” Ukrainian Patent 55911, Byull. Izobr., 2010, no.24.
S. S. D’yachenko, I. V. Doshchechkina, I. S. Tatarkina et al., “Method of treatment of cold-rolled thin sheet steel assigned for cold stamping,” Ukrainian Patent 109380, 2015.
S. S. D’yachenko, I. V. Doshchechkina, I. S. Tatarkina et al., “Method of increasing technological plasticity of cold-rolled thin sheet steel,” Ukrainian Patent 101116, Byull. Izobr., 2015, no. 16.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
D’yachenko, S.S., Ponomarenko, I.V. Effect of the origin of the modified surface layer on the structural strength of workpieces. Phys. Metals Metallogr. 118, 608–620 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X17060035
Received:
Revised:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X17060035