Abstract
The sequence of solid-state reactions that occur upon mechanical alloying of powder mixtures of Al and Fe taken in an atomic ratio of 68: 32 has been studied by the methods of X-ray diffraction analysis, Mössbauer spectrometry, and Auger spectrometry. Upon the formation of a nanocrystalline state (<10 nm), there takes place a mutual penetration of Al atoms into Fe and Fe atoms into Al particles. The rate of consumption of the fcc Al is substantially higher than that of the bcc Fe. The process of the mechanical alloying (MA) was found to be two-stage. At the first stage, up to 2 at % Fe is dissolved in the fcc Al, and an amorphous Fe25Al75 phase is formed in the interfaces, whose amount reaches 70 at % at the finish of the initial stage. In the interfaces of the α-Fe phase, a disordered bcc phase of composition Fe66Al34 is formed, which contains up to 12 at % Al segregates. At the second stage, the amorphous phase crystallizes into an orthorhombic intermetallic compound Fe2Al5. The residual α-Fe, bcc Fe66Al34, and segregated Al form a bcc phase of composition Fe35Al65.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
C. Suryanarayana, Mechanical Alloying and Milling (Marcel Dekker, New York, 2004).
T. F. Grigor’eva, A. P. Barinova, and N. Z. Lyakhov, Mechanochemical Synthesis in Metal Systems (Parallel’, Novosibirsk, 2008) [in Russian].
E. P. Yelsukov and G. A. Dorofeev, “Mechanical Alloying in Binary Fe-M (M = C, B, Al, Si, Ge, Sn) System,” J. Mater. Sci. 39, 5071–5079 (2004).
P. Yu. Butyagin and I. V. Povstugar, “Reactivity of Solids in Mechanochemical Synthesis Processes,” Dokl. Phys. Chem. 398,Part 2, 196–199 (2004).
A Handbook of Physical Quantities, Ed. by I. S. Grigor’ev and E. Z. Meilikhov (Energoatomizdat, Moscow, 1991) [in Russian].
V. I. Fadeeva, A. V. Leonov, and L. N. Khodina, “Metastable Phases in Mechanically Alloyed Fe-Al System,” Mater. Sci. Forum 179–181, 397–402 (1995).
S. Enzo, R. Frattini, G. Mulas, and F. Delogu, “Structural Evolution of Al66Fe34 and Al75Fe25 Powders Prepared by Mechanical Alloying,” Mater. Sci. Forum 269–272, 391–396 (1998).
P. H. Shingu, B. Huang, J. Kuyama, et al., “Amorphous and Nanometer Order Grained Structures of Al-Fe and Ag-Fe Alloys Formed by Mechanical Alloying,” in New Materials by Mechanical Alloying, Ed. by E. Artz and L. Schultz (DGM Informationsgeselschaft, Oberursel, 1989), pp. 319–326.
S. Nasu, P. H. Shingu, K. N. Ishihara, and F. E. Fujita, “Mössbauer Study on Mixing and Kneading of Metallic Powders,” Hyperfine Interact. 55, 1043–1050 (1990).
E. Jartych, J. K. Zurawicz, D. Oleszak, J. Sarzynski, and M. Budzynski, “Mössbauer and X-ray Diffraction Studies of Mechanically Alloyed Fe-Al,” Hyperfine Interact. 99, 389–399 (1996).
D. Oleszak and P. H. Shingu, “Amorphous Fe-Al Alloys Obtained by Mechanical Alloying,” Mater. Sci. Forum 235–238, 91–96 (1997).
Y. Dong, W. Wang, L. Liu, K. Q. Xiao, S. H. Tong, and Y. Z. He, “Structural Investigation of a Mechanically Alloyed Al-Fe System,” Mater. Sci. Eng., A 134, 867–871 (1991).
G. Wang, D. Zhang, W. Wang, and Y. Dong, “Investigation of Al100 − x Fex Amorphous Powders Prepared by Ball Milling,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 97, 73–78 (1991).
H. W. Sheng, Y. H. Zhao, Z. Q. Hu, and K. Lu, “Lattice Instability in the Solid-State Amorphization of Fe(Al) Solid Solutions by Mechanical Alloying,” Phys. Rev. B: Condens. Matter 56, 2302–2305 (1997).
F. Cardellini, V. Contini, R. Gupta, G. Mazzone, A. Montone, A. Perin, and G. Principi, “Microstructural Evolution of Al-Fe Powder Mixtures during High-Energy Ball Milling,” J. Mater. Sci. 33, 2519–2527 (1998).
K. V. Tret’yakov, A. V. Leonov, V. K. Portnoi, and S. A. Fedotov, “Solid-State Reactions Underlying Mechanochemical Synthesis in the Fe-Al System,” Inorgan. Mater. 46, 931–941 (2010).
D. K. Mukhopadhyay, C. Suryanarayana, and F. H. Froes, “Structural Evolution in Mechanically Alloyed Al-Fe Powders,” Metall. Mater. Trans. A 26, 1939–1946 (1995).
E. V. Shelekhov, Packet of Programs for X-ray Analysis of Polycrystals,” Proc. Nat. Conf. on the Use of X-ray Synchrotron Radiation, Neutrons and Electrons for Material Study (OIYaI, Dubna, 1997), Vol. 3, pp. 316–320 [in Russian].
G. A. Dorofeev, “Mechanisms, Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Mechanical Alloying in Systems of Iron with sp Elements,” Doctoral (Phys.-Math.) Dissertation (Phys.-Techn. Inst., Ural Branch, Russ. Acad. Sci., Izhevsk, 2006).
U. Nasu, U. Gonser, and R. S. Preston, “Defects and Phases of Iron in Aluminum,” J. Phys. Colloq. 41, C1-385–C1-386 (1980).
E. P. Yelsukov, E. V. Voronina, and V. A. Barinov, “Mössbauer Study of Magnetic Properties Formation in Disordered Fe-Al Alloys,” J. Magn. Magn. Mater. 115, 271–280 (1992).
R. A. Dunlap, “An Investigation of Mechanically Alloyed Fe-Al,” J. Alloys Compd. 266, 234–240 (1998).
J. H. Hsu and C. L. Chien, “Structural and Mössbauer Study of Fe1 − x Alx Alloys over the Entire Composition Range,” Hyperfine Interact. 69, 451–454 (1991).
V. I. Fadeeva and A. V. Leonov, “Formation of Al-Fe Supersaturated Solid Solution by Mechanical Alloying,” Mater. Sci. Forum 89–90, 481–488 (1992).
A. Taylor and P. M. Jones, “Constitution and Magnetic Properties of Iron-Rich Iron-Aluminum,” J. Phys. Chem. Solids 6, 16–37 (1958).
E. P. Yelsukov, A. L. Ulyanov, and G. A. Dorofeev, “Comparative Analysis of Mechanisms and Kinetics of Mechanical Alloying in Fe-Al and Fe-Si Systems,” Acta Mater. 52, 4251–4257 (2004).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © E.P. Yelsukov, A.L. Ul’yanov, A.V. Protasov, D.A. Kolodkin, 2012, published in Fizika Metallov i Metallovedenie, 2012, Vol. 113, No. 6, pp. 635–645.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Yelsukov, E.P., Ul’yanov, A.L., Protasov, A.V. et al. Solid-state reactions upon mechanical alloying of an Fe32Al68 binary mixture. Phys. Metals Metallogr. 113, 602–611 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X12060063
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X12060063