Abstract
The long-term annealing used for the removal of hydrogen from forgings affects the structure, impact toughness, and the fracture mode of the steel. It stimulates the fragmentation and spheroidization of cementite plates and the polygonization of ferrite. The impact toughness increases by a factor of 2–10, depending on the sulfur content. The structure changes occurring upon annealing increase the resistance of the metal to flake growth.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
V. I. Shapovalov and V. V. Trofimenko, Flakes and the Control of Hydrogen in Steel (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1987) [in Russian].
M. A. Shtremel’ and A. A. Knyazev, “Kinetics of the Internal Grain-Boundary Crack Opening by Hydrogen,” Fiz. Met. Metalloved. 62(4), 645–651 (1986).
K. Heckel, Einführung in die Technische Anwendung der Bruchmechanik (Hanser-Verlag, München, 1970; Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1974).
O. N. Romaniv, The Fracture Toughness of Structural Steels (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1979) [in Russian].
N. I. Vorob’ev, O. K. Tokovoi, A. V. Mokrinskii, et al., “Effect of Sulfur and Nonmetallic Inclusions Amount in Steels on Flakes Formation in Large Forged Parts,” Izv. Vyssh. Uchebn. Zaved., Chern. Metall., No. 2, 18–20 (2003).
A. A. Deryabin, I. G. Gorshenin, V. V. Matveev, et al., “Effect of the Elemental Composition of Steel on the Rail Sensitivity to Flakes in NTMC Production,” in Proceedings of the Seventh Congress of Steelmakers (Chermetinformatsiya, Moscow, 2003), pp. 172–176.
V. M. Schastlivtsev, I. L. Yakovleva, and D. A. Mirzaev, “Structural Transformations in Pearlite upon Heating: III. Shperoidization of Carbides; Gibbs-Thomson Equation and the Problem of Carbide Coagulation,” Fiz. Met. Metalloved. 78(3), 104–115 (1994) [Phys. Met. Metallogr. 78, 317–324 (1994)].
M. A. Krishtal, Mechanism of Diffusion in Iron Alloys (Metallurgiya, Moscow, 1972) [in Russian].
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Original Russian Text © D.A. Mirzaev, O.K. Tokovoi, N.I. Vorob’ev, I.L. Yakovleva, O.V. Samoilova, D.V. Shaburov, E.A. Fominykh, 2006, published in Fizika Metallov i Metallovedenie, 2006, Vol. 101, No. 3, pp. 301–305.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Mirzaev, D.A., Tokovoi, O.K., Vorob’ev, N.I. et al. Effect of long-term annealing upon antiflake treatment on the structure and impact toughness of the 40KhGM steel. Phys. Metals Metallogr. 101, 276–279 (2006). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X06030112
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031918X06030112