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The Brachiopod Order Chonetida in the Permian

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Abstract—

The Permian stage of the chronological and geographical distribution of the brachiopod order Chonetida is characterized based on the analysis of changes in their generic diversity. Changes in diversity in the evolution of chonetids are correlated with the steady reduction and fragmentation of the Permian marine basins, which contributed to a gradual reduction in the composition and geographical range of the order, and finally to its complete extinction at the end of the Permian. The pre-crisis stage in the evolution of chonetids began in the Wordian (Middle Permian), when the number of extinct genera exceeded the number of newly emerging ones. The bipolar distribution of some genera of Permian chonetids, like the same phenomenon at present, is considered to have been caused by the large Early Permian glaciation, which, in addition to changes in thermal gradients, caused an increase in upwellings and a restructuring of ocean currents.

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    G. A. Afanasjeva

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Afanasjeva, G.A. The Brachiopod Order Chonetida in the Permian. Paleontol. J. 56, 709–722 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030122070024

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