Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Diversity and Distribution of the Carboniferous Brachiopods of the Order Chonetida

  • Published:
Paleontological Journal Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Based on study of collections of Carboniferous chonetids from different parts of the world and published materials, the generic diversity, stratigraphic and geographical distribution of these brachiopods against the background of geological events in the Carboniferous are reviewed. A distinct renewal of the generic composition of chonetids occurred at the beginning of the period, at the D–C boundary and at the Mid–Carboniferous boundary. Differences in the evolution of Early and Middle–Late Carboniferous chonetid assemblages are considered in association with changes in sea level. In the Early Carboniferous, an inverse relationship existed between the rate of change in the diversity of chonetids and the frequency of sea level fluctuations. In the Middle and Late Carboniferous, this rate does not depend on the frequency of eustatic fluctuations, which may be due to an increase in the vascular system in chonetids, indicating an intensification of the functions of nutrition and respiration. Carboniferous chonetids were shown to have heterochronic homeomorphy. Gigantism, inherent only in the Late Tournaisian and Visean genera, can apparently be explained by analogy with the gigantism of modern marine invertebrates, by an increase in the depth of the basins at the time of the greatest sea level fluctuations that took place in the Carboniferous.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1.
Fig. 2.
Fig. 3.

Similar content being viewed by others

REFERENCES

  1. Afanasjeva, G.A., Carboniferous stage of development of the superfamily Chonetacea (Brachiopoda), Paleontol. Zh., 1975a, no. 1, pp. 3–9.

  2. Afanasjeva, G.A., Chonetacea (Brachiopoda) of the Middle and Late Carboniferous of the Russian Platform, Paleontol. Zh., 1975b, no. 2, pp. 96–113.

  3. Afanasjeva, G.A., Chonetacea (Brachiopoda) of the Early Carboniferous of the Russian Platform, Paleontol. Zh., 1976, no. 3, pp. 58–70.

  4. Afanasjeva, G.A., Brachiopods of the order Chonetida (historical development, functional morphology, phylogeny and system), in Tr. Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR (Trans. Paleontol. Inst. USSR Acad. Sci.), 1988, vol. 228, pp. 1–123.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Afanasjeva, G.A., Brachiopods of the Order Chonetida from the basin facies of the Devonian–Carboniferous transitional strata of the Thuringian and Rhenish Slate Mountains (Germany), Paleontol. J., 2002, vol. 36, no. 6, pp. 626–631.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Afanasjeva, G.A., Changes in the diversity of brachiopods of the order Chonetida and fluctuations in sea level in the Carboniferous of the Moscow Syneclise, in Evolyutsiya biosfery i bioraznoobraziya. 4. Paleoekologiya i evolyutsiya soobshchestv. Sb. k 70-letiyu A.YU. Rozanova. (Coll. Sci. Works Devoted to the 70th Anniversary of A.Yu. Rozanov “Evolution of the Biosphere and Biodiversity. 4. Paleoecology and Community Evolution”), Moscow: Paleontol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2006, pp. 307–315.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Afanasjeva, G.A., The problem of similarity in the morphological evolution of brachiopods, in Morfogenez v individualʹnom i istoricheskom razvitii: ustoychivost’ i variabel’nost’ (Morphogenesis in Individual and Historical Development: Stability and Variability), Moscow: Paleontol. Inst. Ross. Akad. Nauk, 2015, pp. 134–145.

  8. Afanasjeva, G.A., On gigantism in Early Carboniferous brachiopods of the Order Chonetida, Paleontol. J., 2022a, vol. 56, no. 3, pp. 247–249.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Afanasjeva, G.A., The brachiopod order Chonetida in the Permian, Paleontol. J., 2022b, vol. 56, no. 7. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030122070024

  10. Afanasjeva, G.A. and Nevesskaya, L.A., Analysis of the causes of various consequences of crisis situations on the example of hinged brachiopods and bivalves, in Ekosistemnyye perestroyki i evolyutsiya biosfery (Ecosystem Restructurings and the Evolution of the Biosphere), Moscow: Nedra, 1994, vol. 1, pp. 101–108.

  11. Aizenverg, D.E., Chonetidae (Brachiopoda), in Atlas fauny turneyskikh otlozheniy Donetskogo basseyna (Atlas of the Fauna of the Tournaisian Deposits of the Donets Basin), Kyiv: Nauk. Dumka, 1971, pp. 66–91.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Aizenverg, D.E., New Early Bashkirian chonetids of the Donets Basin, Paleontol. Zh., 1980, no. 3, pp. 5–57.

  13. Aizenverg, D.E., New chonetids from the Carboniferous of Donbass, Paleontol. Zh., 1985, no. 4, pp. 35–42.

  14. Alekseev, A.S., Kononova, L.I., and Nikishin, A.M. The Devonian and Carboniferous of the Moscow Syneclise (Russian Platform): Stratigraphy and sea-level changes, Tectonophysics, 1996, vol. 268, pp. 149–168.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Archbold, N.W., Classification and evolution of the brachiopod family Rugosochonetidae Muir-Wood, 1962, Proc. R. Soc. Victoria, 1982, vol. 94, no. 1, pp. 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Bahrammanesh, M., Angiolini L., Antonelli A.A., et al., Tournaisian (Mississippian) brachiopods from Mobarak Formation, North Iran, GeoArabia, 2011, vol. 16, no. 3, pp. 129–192.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Barkhatova, V.P., Biostratigraphy of the Carboniferous and Lower Permian of the North Timan, in Tr. VNIGRI (Trans. All-Russ. Petrol. Res. Explor. Inst.), 1970, no. 283, pp. 1–228.

  18. Beznosova, G.A., Benediktova, R.A., Sarytcheva, T.G., et al., Some new representatives of Devonian and Carboniferous brachiopods of Rudny Altai and Sary-Arka, Izv. AN Kaz. SSR. Ser. Geol., 1956, vol. 23, pp. 94–104.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Brand, P.J. Scottish Carboniferous chonetoids, Bull. Geol. Soc. Gr. Brit., 1970, vol. 31, pp. 89–137.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Brunton, C.H.C., Silicified brachiopods from the Visean of County Fermanagh, Bull. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.). Geol., 1968, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 1–70.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Campbell, K.S.W. and Engel, B.A., The faunas of the Tournaisian Tulcumba Sandstone and its members in the Werrie and Belene Synclines, New South Wales, J. Geol. Soc. Australia, 1963, vol. 10, no. 1, pp. 55–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Carter, J.L., Mississippian brachiopods from the Glen Park Formation of Illinois and Missouri, Bull. Carnegie Mus. Nat. Hist., 1988, vol. 27, pp. 1–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Chao, I.T., Productidae of China. Pt II. Chonetinae, Productinae and Richthofeniinae, Palaeontol. Sin. B 5, 1928, pp. 1–103.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Chen, Z.Q. and Shi, G.R., Late Carboniferous to Early Permian brachiopod fauna from the Bachu and Kalpin areas, Tarim basin, NW China, Alcheringa, 2002, vol. 25, no. 3, pp. 293–326.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Chen, Z.Q. and Shi, G.R., Early Carboniferous brachiopod faunas and their biogeographical affinities from the western Kunlun Mountains, North-West China, Palaeontogr. Abt. A, 2003, vol. 268, pp. 103–187.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Davidson, T., On British Carboniferous Brachiopoda, Geologist, 1862, vol. 4, pp. 41–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Dunbar, C.O. and Condra, G.E., Brachiopoda of the Pennsylvanian system in Nebraska, Bull. Nebr. Geol. Surv. Ser. 2, 1932, vol. 5, pp. 1–377.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Girty, G.H., Description of a new genus and new species of Carboniferous brachiopods, J. Wash. Acad. Sci., 1938, vol. 28, pp. 278–284.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Grigorieva, A.V., Afanasjeva, G.A., Lazarev, S.S., and Erlanger, O.A., Upper Carboniferous Brachiopods, in Verknii Karbon SSSR. Tr. Mezhved. Stratigr. Kom., vol. 13 (Upper Carboniferous of the USSR. Trans. Interdepart. Stratigr. Com. Vol. 13), Moscow: Nauka, 1984, pp. 91–95.

  30. Hoare, R.D., New Pennsylvanian Brachiopoda from Southern Missouri, J. Paleontol., 1960, vol. 34, pp. 217–232.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Isaackson, P.E. and Dutro, J.T., Lower Carboniferous brachiopods from Sierra de Almeida, Northern Chile, J. Paleontol., 1999, vol. 73, no. 4, pp. 625–633.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Ivanova, E.A., Conditions of existence, way of life and history of development of some brachiopods of the Middle and Upper Carboniferous of the Moscow Basin,in Tr. Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR (Trans. Paleontol. Inst. USSR Acad. Sci.), 1949, vol. 21, pp. 1–144.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ivanova, E.A., Development of the fauna of the Middle and Upper Carboniferous Sea in the western part of the Moscow Syneclise in connection with its history. Book. 3. Development of fauna in connection with the conditions of existence, in Tr. Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR (Trans. Paleontol. Inst. USSR Acad. Sci.), 1958, vol. 69, pp. 1–303.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Koninck, L.G., Monographie des genres Productus et Chonetes, Mém. Soc. Sci. Liege, 1847, vol. 4, pp. 1–278.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Lazarev, S.S. and Poletaev, V.I., The development of the brachiopod mantle system at the Early–Middle Carboniferous boundary, in Biostratigraphic data for a Mid-Carboniferous Boundary. Leeds: Subcom. Carboniferous Stratigr., 1982, pp. 89–94.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Martinez Chacon, M.L. and Winkler Prins, C.F. Rugosochonetidae (Brachiopoda, Chonetidina) from the Carboniferous of the Cantabrian Mountains (N Spain), Geobios, 2005, vol. 38, pp. 637–651.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Mottequin, B., Sevastopulo, G., and Simon, E., Micromorph brachiopods from the Late Asbian (Mississippian, Visean) from northwest Ireland (Gleniff, County Sligo), Bull. Geosci., 2015, vol. 90, no. 2, pp. 307–330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Muir-Wood, H.M., The morphology and classification of the Brachiopod Suborder Chonetoidea. Brit. Mus. (Nat. Hist.), 1962, pp. 1–132 p.

  39. Muir-Wood, H.M., Suborder Chonetidina, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Pt. H. Brachiopoda. Lawrence: Geol. Soc. Am.; Univ. Kansas Press, 1965, vol. 2, pp. 412–439.

  40. Nalivkin, D.V., Brachiopods of the Upper and Middle Devonian and Lower Carboniferous of Northeast Kazakhstan, in Tr. TsNIGRI (Trans. Central Res. Inst. Geol. Prospect. Base Precious Metals), 1937, vol. 99, pp. 1–200.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Nalivkin, D.V., Brakhiopody turneyskogo yarusa Urala (Brachiopods of the Tournaisian Stage of the Urals), Leningrad: Nauka, 1979.

  42. Osipova, A.I., Hecker, R.F., and Belskaya, T.N., Patterns of distribution and change of fauna in the Late Paleozoic epicontinental seas of the Russian Platform, in Tr. Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR. Sovremennyye problemy paleontologii (Trans. Paleontol. Inst. USSR Acad. Sci. “The Current Problems in Paleontology”), 1971, vol. 130, pp. 279–293.

  43. Paeckelmann, W., Die Brachiopoden des deutschen Unterkarbon. 1. Die Orthiden, Strophomeniden und Choneten des mitleren und oberen Unterkarbons, Abh. Preuss. Geol. Landesanst., N. F., 1930, vol. 122, pp. 143–326.

  44. Panteleev, P.A., Bergman’s rule – conceptual and empirical aspects, Uspekhi Sovr. Biol., 1994, vol. 114, no, pp. 42–51.

  45. Qiao, L. and Shen, S.Z., Late Mississippian (Early Carboniferous) brachiopods from the Western Daba Mountains, Central China, Alcheringa, 2012, vol. 36, no. 3, pp. 1–23.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Racheboeuf, P.R., Chonetidina, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Pt H. Brachiopoda (revised), Lawrence: Geol. Soc. Am.; Univ. Kansas Press, 2000, vol. 2, pp. 362–423.

  47. Racheboeuf, P.R., Chonetidina, in Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Pt H. Brachiopoda (revised), Lawrence: Geol. Soc. Am.; Univ. Kansas Press, 2006, vol. 6, pp. 2628–2638.

  48. Ramsbottom, W.H.C., The fauna of the Cefn Coed Marine band of the coal measures at Aberbaiden, near Tondu, Glamorgan, Bull. Geol. Surv. G. B., 1952, vol. 4, pp. 8–32.

    Google Scholar 

  49. Roberts, J., Devonian and Carboniferous brachiopods from the Bonaparte Gulf basin north-western Australia, Bull. Austral. Geol. Geophys., 1971, no. 122, pp. 1–319.

  50. Roberts, J., Carboniferous Chonetacean and Productacean brachiopods from eastern Australia, Palaeontology, 1976, vol. 19, pp. 17–77.

    Google Scholar 

  51. Sarytcheva, T.G., Sokolskaja, A.N., Beznosova, G.A., and Maksimova, S.V., Brachiopods and paleogeography of the Carboniferous of the Kuznetsk Basin, in Tr. Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR (Trans. Paleontol. Inst. USSR Acad. Sci.), 1963, vol. 95, pp. 1– 547.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Sarytcheva, T.G., Sokolskaja, A.N., Maksimova, S.V., and Beznosova, G.A., Facies zonality of brachiopods in the Carboniferous seas of the Kuznetsk Basin, Paleontol. Zh., 1962, no. 4, pp. 58–69.

  53. Shen, S.Z., Qiao, L., Zhang Y., et al., Carboniferous Brachiopod Genera on Type Species of China, Beijing: Sci. Press, 2017, pp. 559–649.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Shen, S.Z., Tazawa, J., and Shi, G.R., Carboniferous and Permian Rugosochonetidae (Brachiopoda) from West Spitsbergen, Alcheringa, 2005, vol. 29, pp. 241–256.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Shi G.R., Chen Z.Q., Zhan L.P. Early Carboniferous brachiopod fauna from the Baoshn block, West Yunnan, southwest China, Alcheringa, 2005, vol. 29, pp. 31–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Simorin, A.M., Stratigrafiya i brakhiopody Karagandinskogo basseyna (Stratigraphy and Brachiopods of the Karaganda Basin), Alma-Ata: Akad. Nauk KazSSR, 1956.

  57. Sokolskaja, A.N., Chonetidae of the Russian Platform, in Tr. Paleontol. Inst. Akad. Nauk SSSR (Trans. Paleontol. Inst. USSR Acad. Sci.), 1950, vol. 27, pp. 1–108.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Sokolskaja, A.N., Superfamily Chonetacea, in Osnovy paleontologii: Mshanki, brakhiopody (Fundamentals of Paleontology: Bryozoans, Brachiopods), Moscow: Akad. Nauk SSSR, 1960, pp. 221–223.

  59. Taboada A.C. Braquiópodos y biostratigrafia del Carbonifero del Cordón del Naranjo (subcuenca Calingasta—Uspallata), Argentina, Ameghiniana, 2004, vol. 41, no. 3, pp. 405–432.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Taboada, A.C. and Shi, G.R., Yagonia Roberts (Brachiopoda, Chonetidina) from the Malinan Formation, Lower Carboniferous of western Argentina: Paleobiogeographical implications, Alcheringa, 2009, vol. 33, no. 3, pp. 223–235.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Tchernyshev, F.N., Upper Carboniferous brachiopods of the Urals and Timan, Tr. Geol. Kom., 1902, vol. 16, no. 2, pp. 1–749.

    Google Scholar 

  62. Vinarsky, M.V., On the Applicability of Bergmann’s Rule to Ectotherms: The State of the Art, Biol. Bull. Rev., 2014, vol. 4, no. 3, pp. 327–339.

    Google Scholar 

  63. Waagen, W., Salt Range fossils: Productus Limestone fossils, Palaeontol. Ind., Ser. 13, 1884, vol. 1, no. 4, Pt. 4, pp. 611–728.

  64. Waterhouse, J.B., New Carboniferous brachiopod genera from Huai Bun Nak, North-East Thailand, Paläontol. Z., 1982, vol. 56, no. 1/2, pp. 39–52.

  65. Weller, S., The Mississippian Brachiopoda of the Mississippi Valley Basin, Illinois Geol. Surv. Monogr., 1914, pp. 1–508.

  66. Winkler Prins, C.F., Carboniferous Productidina and Chonetidina of the Cantabrian Mountains (NW Spain): Systematics, stratigraphy and palaeoecology, Leidse Geol. Meded., 1968, no. 43, pp. 41–126.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Borissiak Paleontological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, 117647, Moscow, Russia

    G. A. Afanasjeva

Authors
  1. G. A. Afanasjeva
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to G. A. Afanasjeva.

Ethics declarations

The author declares that she has no conflicts of interest.

Additional information

Translated by S. Nikolaeva

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Afanasjeva, G.A. Diversity and Distribution of the Carboniferous Brachiopods of the Order Chonetida. Paleontol. J. 56, 487–495 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030122050021

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030122050021

Keywords:

Search

Navigation