Abstract
Twenty-nine fusulinid species of 14 genera are determined in the Podolskian and Myachkovian substages (Pennsylvanian) of the southern Moscow Basin. All test sections are determined to genus level, except for the genera Schubertella and Fusiella. Since it is impossible to distinguish between these two genera in oblique test sections, they are identified to the family Schubertellidae. The stratigraphic distribution of fusulinid species put on a new sequence-stratigraphic framework (succession of cyclothems) reveals nonsimultaneous appearance of zonal assemblages in different localities. Sporadical occurrence of index species below and above their designated zones attest for shortage of reliable biostratigraphic markers within the Upper Moscovian interval. The legacy acmezones Fusulinella bocki and Fusulina cylindrica appear to be the most robust divisions in the regional fusulinid zonation. The Podolskian-Myachkovian stratigraphic interval is characterized by progressive decline of Neostaffella, whereas representatives of Fusulina show inverse development. The genus Fusulina changes its facies preference from normal marine subtidal facies in the Podolskian to shoal peloidal-bioclastic grainstones in the upper half of the Myachkovian. Fusulinid genera tend to be distributed patchy and within a broad facies range. It is confirmed that the staffellid genera Reitlingerina and Parastaffelloides are good indicators of shallow-water normal marine euphotic conditions. The genus Hemifusuina occasionally masses in mud-dominated tempestitic limestones of shallowing-upward (regressive) parts of cyclothems. Schubertellids were the most tolerant group as seen from their steady presence in the entire spectrum of marine facies of the studied basin. Five fusulinid biofacies are recognized in the Upper Moscovian: (1) Fusulinella-Ozawainella, (2) Staffellida, (3) Staffellida-Fusulina, (4) impoverished Schubertellidae, and (5) Hemifusulina. These paleo-biofacies are based on mean densities of fusulinids in thin sections (tests per cm2), data departure criteria of these mean densities, the Shannon diversity index H, and Berger-Parker index of dominance d. Degree of differentiation of fusulinid biofacies is notably low, which is explained by unsteady benthic environments affected by frequent storm dispersals of benthic organisms and geologically rapid eustatic sea level changes. The relation of fusulinid, conodont, and general biofacies is discussed. Three general biofacies are recognized: staffellid-syphonean (photozoan and transitional heterophotozoan), bryonoderm extended (heterozoan), and Meekella-Ortonella (assemblages of stressed shallowlagoon to tidal-flat habitats).
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Baranova, D.V., Kabanov, P.B. & Alekseev, A.S. Fusulinids (Foraminifera), lithofacies and biofacies of the Upper Moscovian (Carboniferous) of the southern Moscow Basin and Oka-Tsna Swell. Paleontol. J. 48, 701–849 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030114070016
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0031030114070016