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Microbial community associated with Thioploca sp. sheaths in the area of the posolsk bank methane seep, southern baikal

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Abstract

Bacterial mats formed by a colorless sulfur bacterium Thioploca sp. in the area of the Posolsk Bank cold methane seep (southern Baikal) were studied using electron microscopy and phylogenetic analysis. Morphologically the bacteria were identified as Thioploca ingrica. Confocal microscopy of DAPI-stained samples revealed numerous rod-shaped, filamentous, and spiral microorganisms in the sheaths, as well as inside and between the trichomes. Transmission electron microscopy revealed nonvacuolated bacteria and small cells without cell envelopes within the sheath. Bacteria with pronounced intracytoplasmic membranes characteristic of type I methanotrophs were observed at the outer side of the sheath. Based on analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequences, the following phyla were identified in the sheath community: Bacteroidetes, Nitrospira, Chloroflexi, Planctomycetes, Verrucomicrobia, γ-, and δ-Proteobacteria, Euryarchaeota, Crenarchaeota, and Thaumarchaeota, as well as anammox bacteria. A hypothetical scheme of matter flows in the Lake Baikal bacterial mats was proposed based on the data on metabolism of the cultured homologues.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Limnological Institute, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Irkutsk, Russia

    S. M. Chernitsyna, I. A. Khal’zov, T. A. Khanaeva, I. V. Klimenkov & T. I. Zemskaya

  2. Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia

    I. V. Morozov

  3. Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia

    I. V. Morozov

  4. Winogradsky Institute of Microbiology, Research Center of Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

    N. V. Pimenov

Authors
  1. S. M. Chernitsyna
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  2. I. A. Khal’zov
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  3. T. A. Khanaeva
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  4. I. V. Morozov
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  5. I. V. Klimenkov
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  6. N. V. Pimenov
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  7. T. I. Zemskaya
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Correspondence to S. M. Chernitsyna.

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Original Russian Text © S.M. Chernitsyna, I.A. Khal’zov, T.A. Khanaeva, I.V. Morozov, I.V. Klimenkov, N.V. Pimenov, T.I. Zemskaya, 2016, published in Mikrobiologiya, 2016, Vol. 85, No. 5, pp. 522–530.

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Chernitsyna, S.M., Khal’zov, I.A., Khanaeva, T.A. et al. Microbial community associated with Thioploca sp. sheaths in the area of the posolsk bank methane seep, southern baikal. Microbiology 85, 562–569 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261716050027

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