Skip to main content
Log in

Obtaining and characterization of “Holospora curviuscula” and Holospora obtusa, bacterial symbionts of the macronuclei of Paramecium bursaria and Paramecium caudatum

  • Experimental Articles
  • Published:
Microbiology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

The symbionts of the macronuclei of Paramecium bursaria and P. caudatum, “Holospora curviuscula” 02AZ16 and H. obtusa 88Ti, respectively, were obtained and investigated. The 16S rDNA nucleotide sequences of “Holospora curviuscula” were obtained for the first time. The differences in 16S rDNA (3.4%) suggest their classification within the genus Holospora. Molecular phylogenetic analysis of the symbionts revealed that these intranuclear symbionts of the ciliates belonged to the order Rickettsiales, forming within a compact cluster of related species.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Ossipov, D.V., Problemy geteromorfizma yader u odnokletochnykh organizmov (Nuclear Heteromorphism in Unicellular Organisms), Leningrad: Nauka, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Görtz, H.-D. and Brigge, T., Intracellular Bacteria in Protozoa, Naturwissenschaften, 1998, vol. 85, pp. 359–368.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  3. Preer, L.B., Alpha, an Infectious Macronuclear Symbiont of Paramecium Aurelia, Protozool., 1969, no. 16, pp. 570–578.

  4. Ossipov, D.V. and Ivakhnyuk, I.S., Omega Particles, Symbiotic Bacteria from the Micronucleus of the Ciliate Paramecium caudatum Clone MI-48, Tsitologiya, 1972, vol. 14, pp. 1414–1419.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ossipov, D.V., Skoblo, I.I., and Rautian, M.S., IotaParticles, Macronuclear Symbiotic Bacteria of Ciliate Paramecium caudatum Clone MI 15, Acta Protozool., 1975, no. 4, pp. 263–280.

  6. Ossipov, D.V., Skoblo, I.I., Borkhsenius, O.N., Rautian, M.S., and Podlipaev, S.A., Holospora acuminata sp. n., the Symbiotic Bacterium from the Micronucleus of the Ciliate Paramecium bursaria Focke, Tsitologiya, 1980, vol. 22, no. 7, pp. 922–929.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Gortz, H.-D. and Dieckmann, J., Life Cycle and Infectivity of Holospora elegans Hafkine, a Micronucleus-Specific Symbiont of Paramecium caudatum (Ehrenberg), Protistologica, 1980, no. 16, pp. 591–603.

  8. Borkhsenius, O.N., Skoblo, I.I., and Ossipov, D.V., Holospora curviuscula, a New Species of Symbiotic Bacteria from the Macronucleus of Paramecium bursaria, Tsitologiya, 1983, vol. 25, no. 1, pp. 91–97.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Fokin, S.I., Holospora recta sp. nov., a Micronuclear Endobiont of the Ciliate Paramecium caudatum, Tsitologiya, 1991, vol. 33, no. 7, pp. 135–141.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fokin, S.I. and Sabaneeva, E.V., Release of Endonucleobiotic Bacteria Holospora bacillata and Holospora curvata from the Macronucleus of Their Host Cells Paramecium woodruffi and Paramecium calkinsi, Endocytobiosis Cell Res., 1997, vol. 12, pp. 49–55.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Görtz, H.D., Symbiotic Associations between Ciliates and Prokaryotes, in The Prokaryotes, Dworkin, M., Falkow, S., Rosenberg, E., Schleifer, K.-H., and Stackebrandt, E., Eds., New York: Springer, 2006, vol. 1, pp. 364–402.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  12. Görtz, H.D. and Schmidt, H.J., Holosporaceae, in Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Garrity, G.M., Ed., New York: Springer, 2005, vol. 2, Part C, pp. 146–160.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Podlipaev, S.A. and Ossipov, D.V., Early Stages of Infection of Paramecium caudatum Micronuclei Symbiotic Bacteria-Omega-Particles (Electron Microscopy Examination), Acta Protozool., 1979, vol. 18, pp. 477–491.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Amann, R.I., Springer, N., Ludwig, W., Gortz, H.-D., and Shleifer, K.H., Identification in situ and Phylogeny of Uncultured Bacterial Endosymbionts, Nature, 1991, no. 351, pp. 161–164.

  15. Altschul, S.F., Madden, T.L., Schäffer, A.A., Zhang, J., Zhang, Z., Miller, W., and Lipman, D.J., Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a New Generation of Protein Database Search Programs, Nucleic Acid Res., 1997, no. 25, pp. 3389–3402.

  16. Tamura, K., Dudley, J., Nei, M., and Kumar, S., MEGA4: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) Software Version 4.0, Mol. Biol. Evol., 2007, no. 24, pp. 1596–1599.

  17. Eschbacha, E., Pfannkuchen, M., Schweikert, M., Drutschmann, D., Brummer, F., Fokin, S., Ludwig, W., and Gortz, H.-D., “Candidatus Paraholospora Nucleivisitans”, an Intracellular Bacterium in Paramecium sexaurelia Shuttles between the Cytoplasm and the Nucleus of Its Host, Syst. Appl. Microbiol., 2009, no. 32, pp. 490–500.

  18. Beier, C.L., Horn, M., Michel, R., Schweikert, M., Gortz, H.-D., and Wagner, M., The Genus Caedibacter Comprises Endosymbionts of Paramecium spp. Related to the Rickettsiales (Alphaproteobacteria) and to Francisella tularensis (Gammaproteobacteria), Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 2002, no. 12, pp. 6043–6050.

  19. Emelyanov, V.V., Mitochondrial Connection to the Origin of the Eukaryotic Cell, Eur. J. Biochem., 2003, no. 270, pp. 1599–1618.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to N. D. Vakkerov-Kouzova.

Additional information

Original Russian Text © N.D. Vakkerov-Kouzova, M.S. Rautian, 2011, published in Mikrobiologiya, 2011, Vol. 80, No. 5, pp. 714–718.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Vakkerov-Kouzova, N.D., Rautian, M.S. Obtaining and characterization of “Holospora curviuscula” and Holospora obtusa, bacterial symbionts of the macronuclei of Paramecium bursaria and Paramecium caudatum . Microbiology 80, 728–732 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261711050171

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/S0026261711050171

Keywords

Navigation